Personal, social and environmental predictors of daily fruit and vegetable intake in 11-year-old children in nine European countries

Bourdeaudhuij, I. De; Velde, Saskia te; Brug, Johannes; Due, Pernille; Wind, Marianne; Sandvik, Camilla; Maes, Lea; Wolf, Alexandra; Rodrigo, Carmen Pérez; Yngve, Agneta; Þórsdóttir, Inga; Rasmussen, Mette; Elmadfa, Ibrahim; Franchini, Bela; Ki, Klepp

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602794

Cited by 115 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…A potential explanation for this is that family meals provide an opportunity for parents to be positive role models to their children (7) and to talk about healthy eating. In contrast to findings from other studies (8,18) we did not observe any association between FV intake and parental support, including encouragement, parents consuming FV and buying FV. This might reflect the overall parenting style and inappropriate food-related parental practices within the Cypriot context.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Social, attitudinal and behavioural correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among Cypriot adolescents

Loucaides

Jago

Theophanous

2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the prevalence and correlates of fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in Cypriot adolescents. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: The Republic of Cyprus. Subjects: A total of 1966 adolescents with a mean age of 14?7 (SD 2?2) years from nine elementary (n 448), six middle (n 657), five high (n 475) and five technical/ vocational schools (n 386) in Cyprus. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing FV consumption using a two-item screening measure and a number of social, attitudinal and behavioural correlates of FV consumption. Results: Overall, 19?3 % of adolescents reported consuming five or more portions of FV daily, with elementary and middle school students more likely to meet recommendations (23?8 % and 24?4 %, respectively) compared with high and technical/vocational school students (14?0 % and 12?5 %, respectively). Consuming five or more portions of FV was associated with preference for FV (OR 5 2?2), family eating patterns (OR 5 1?5), friends' FV consumption (OR 5 1?2) and school support for FV consumption (OR 5 0?8). Consuming at least one portion of fruit daily was significantly associated with preference for FV (OR 5 2?0) and family eating patterns (OR 5 1?7). Consuming at least one portion of vegetables daily was associated with preference for FV (OR 5 4?2) and eating while watching television (OR 5 0?8). Conclusions: Targeting individual and family-based components may enhance the effectiveness of intervention programmes to promote FV consumption. Keywords Cyprus Adolescents Fruit VegetablesFruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is associated with a reduced risk of cancer, CVD and obesity (1) . A recent study indicated that FV consumption protects against markers of inflammation and oxidative stress from early adolescence onwards (2) . Daily intake of FV in adolescents has declined (3) and studies among children and adolescents have shown that they do not achieve the target of consuming at least 400 g or five portions of FV daily (4,5) . In the UK and Australia 44?8 % and 52?4 % of adolescents, respectively, meet the recommendation of five or more portions of FV daily (6,7) . Data from nine European countries indicate that 43?2 % of children consume fruit and 46?1 % consume vegetables every day (8) , whereas data from Mexico suggest that 61?0 % of children consume FV at least once daily (9) . Studies also indicate that girls are more likely to meet the recommendation of five or more portions of FV daily compared with boys (7,9,10) .Recently, social-ecological models have been proposed for the better understanding of factors that influence nutritional behaviour, as they focus not only on individual factors but also on social and physical environmental factors (11)(12)(13) . These multilevel models acknowledge the influence of multiple factors on nutritional behaviour; however, they refer to domains of influence rather than to specific variables (13,14) . Further, as studies have focused on physical environmental variables, more studies are needed that examine t...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage that reported consuming at least one portion of fruit or vegetables daily ranged from 91?5 % to 98?0 %. These levels are higher than those reported in nine European countries (8) and in Mexico (9) . Discrepancies between the countries may be because of the different measures used to assess FV consumption.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Social, attitudinal and behavioural correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among Cypriot adolescents

Loucaides

Jago

Theophanous

2011

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The present study is rather unique in that it includes a wide range of parenting practices and other family-environmental factors and shows consistent positive associations with intakes. To our knowledge, not all previous studies have shown consistent associations (11,12,14) . Overall, the interpretation of these study results and the comparison between studies examining similar relationships in the field of parenting practices and family-environmental factors are challenging due to variation in the terminology and methods used (16,(42)(43)(44) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Role of free school lunch in the associations between family-environmental factors and children's fruit and vegetable intake in four European countries

Ray

Roos

Brug

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine whether an association exists between different clusters of fruit-and vegetable-specific family-environmental factors and children's daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether these associations differ between countries with different school lunch policies. Design: Cross-sectional data from four European countries participating in the Pro Greens project in 2009. These countries have different school food policies: two serve free school lunches and two do not. Self-administered data were used. Food frequency questions served to assess fruit and vegetable intakes. The study assessed sixteen children-perceived family-environmental factors, which were clustered based on principal component analysis into five sum variables: fruit and vegetable encouragement; vegetable modelling, family routine and demand; fruit modelling; fruit and vegetable snacking practices; and fruit and vegetable allowing. Setting: Schools in Finland, Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands. Subjects: Schoolchildren aged 11 years (n 3317). Results: Multilevel logistic regression analyses revealed positive associations between nearly all clustered family-environmental factors and daily fruit and vegetable intake. The study tested a moderation effect between family-environmental factors and school lunch policy. In five out of twenty models significant interactions occurred. In the stratified analyses, most of the associations between family-environmental factors and raw and cooked vegetable intake were stronger in Germany and the Netherlands, neither of which provided free school lunches. Conclusions: Children reporting more fruit-and vegetable-promoting familyenvironmental factors had a more frequent intake of fruits and vegetables; the associations were stronger for vegetable intakes in countries providing no free school lunches, suggesting that parental involvement is crucial when schools offer no vegetables.

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“…In general, the amount of fruit and vegetable consumption seems to depend on different social and behavioral factors. The role model of the parents is crucial in this respect (Kremers et al, 2003;Young et al, 2004;Zabinski et al, 2006;De Bourdeaudhuij et al, 2008).…”

Section: Fruits and Vegetables In Phenylketonuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Unrestricted consumption of fruits and vegetables in phenylketonuria: no major impact on metabolic control

Rohde¹,

Mütze²,

Weigel³

et al. 2012

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: The treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) requires consistent restriction of protein intake from natural sources. Therefore, protein from all foods has to be accounted for, even the small amounts in fruits and vegetables. We studied whether free consumption of fruits and vegetables containing less than 75 mg phenylalanine (phe) per 100 g affects metabolic control in children with PKU. Subjects/Methods: Fourteen children (2-10 years) were included in a cross-over study, with a two-week period of conventional treatment (accounting for protein from fruits and vegetables) and a two-week period with free fruit and vegetable consumption. The instruction to follow liberal fruit and vegetable consumption in the first or second study period was randomized. Detailed daily dietary records were obtained throughout the study. Phe and nutrient content was calculated. Dried-blood phe concentration was monitored daily. Results: Although total phe intake increased by an average of 58 mg per day (P ¼ 0.037) during the 2 weeks of free fruit and vegetable consumption, dried-blood phe concentrations were unchanged. Total intake of fruits and vegetables did not increase, but patients instead used the higher phe tolerance to consume more of other foods, which were calculated and accounted for. Conclusion: Free consumption of fruits and vegetables does not impair metabolic control in PKU patients over a 2-week period.

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Personal, social and environmental predictors of daily fruit and vegetable intake in 11-year-old children in nine European countries

Cited by 115 publications

References 38 publications

Social, attitudinal and behavioural correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among Cypriot adolescents

Social, attitudinal and behavioural correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among Cypriot adolescents

Role of free school lunch in the associations between family-environmental factors and children's fruit and vegetable intake in four European countries

Unrestricted consumption of fruits and vegetables in phenylketonuria: no major impact on metabolic control

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