Personal, social and environmental determinants of educational inequalities in walking: a multilevel study

Ball, Kylie; Timperio, Anna; Salmon, Jo; Roberts, Rebecca; Crawford, David

doi:10.1136/jech.2006.048520

Cited by 199 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Many of the papers reporting social patterning in the execution of different health behaviours did not formally test for the moderating effects of SES on the relationship between intention and self‐efficacy with behaviour (Ball et al ., 2007, 2009; Bere et al ., 2008; Cerin & Leslie, 2008; De Cocker et al ., 2012; Kamphuis et al ., 2008, 2009; Leganger & Kraft, 2003; Murray et al ., 2012). Furthermore, the few papers that did test for such moderating effects have been inconsistent, reporting no significant effects of moderation by SES on intention to be more physically active (Schüz et al ., 2012), or to eat more fruits and vegetables (Godin, Amireault, et al ., 2010), with Godin, Sheeran, et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taken together, these studies provide an inconsistent pattern of results with, for example, some finding associations with social patterning only amongst women (Pan et al ., 2009), and some only for leisure‐time activity (Ball et al ., 2007). The self‐report nature of the measures used to measure behaviour is another weakness of all these studies, not least because social desirability bias may be socially patterned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the intention–behaviour gap greater amongst the more deprived? A meta‐analysis of five studies on physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in smoking cessation

Vasiljevic

Griffin

et al. 2015

British J Health Psychol

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ObjectivesUnhealthy behaviour is more common amongst the deprived, thereby contributing to health inequalities. The evidence that the gap between intention and behaviour is greater amongst the more deprived is limited and inconsistent. We tested this hypothesis using objective and self‐report measures of three behaviours, both individual‐ and area‐level indices of socio‐economic status, and pooling data from five studies.DesignSecondary data analysis.MethodsMultiple linear regressions and meta‐analyses of data on physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in smoking cessation from 2,511 participants.ResultsAcross five studies, we found no evidence for an interaction between deprivation and intention in predicting objective or self‐report measures of behaviour. Using objectively measured behaviour and area‐level deprivation, meta‐analyses suggested that the gap between self‐efficacy and behaviour was greater amongst the more deprived (B = .17 [95% CI = 0.02, 0.31]).ConclusionsWe find no compelling evidence to support the hypothesis that the intention–behaviour gap is greater amongst the more deprived. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Unhealthy behaviour is more common in those who are more deprived.This may reflect a larger gap between intentions and behaviour amongst the more deprived.The limited evidence to date testing this hypothesis is mixed. What does this study add? In the most robust study to date, combining results from five trials, we found no evidence for this explanation.The gap between intentions and behaviour did not vary with deprivation for the following: diet, physical activity, or medication adherence in smoking cessation.We did, however, find a larger gap between perceived control over behaviour (self‐efficacy) and behaviour in those more deprived.These findings add to existing evidence to suggest that higher rates of unhealthier behaviour in more deprived groups may be reduced by the following: Strengthening behavioural control mechanisms (such as executive function and non‐conscious processes) or Behaviour change interventions that bypass behavioural control mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the intention–behaviour gap greater amongst the more deprived? A meta‐analysis of five studies on physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in smoking cessation

Vasiljevic

Griffin

et al. 2015

British J Health Psychol

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“…aquatic environments such as rivers, lakes and the coast) and physical activity (e.g. McCormack et al, 2008;Ball et al, 2007). One of the most influential studies was conducted by Bauman et al (1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the relationship between childhood obesity and proximity to the coast: A rural/urban perspective

et al. 2016

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HighlightsThis study examines the relationship between childhood obesity and coastal proximity.Results indicate that childhood obesity prevalence is lower in coastal England.However this relationship is apparent outside of, but not within, urban conurbations.Future policy initiatives could focus on improving coastal access for children. ABSTRACTChildhood obesity is one of the 21 st century's most serious global health challenges.Research suggests that better access to 'greenspace' (e.g. parks) may encourage physical activity and reduce the risk of obesity amongst children. We extend earlier work by considering childhood obesity in relation to proximity to the coast, using data from England's National Child Measurement Programme. Results suggest that although the overall prevalence of childhood obesity is slightly lower at the coast (-0.68 percentage points comparing <1km to >20km, p<0.001), the relationship depends on area type. Specifically, although a coastal proximity gradient (lower obesity rates nearer the coast) was found for rural areas and smaller cities and towns, it was not present among large urban conurbations (interaction p-value <0.001). Coastal environments and access to them are changing in many areas, and research to explore potential impacts on child health is warranted.

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“…15 between crime and PA. Second, the measurement of crime used in these studies does not explicitly capture the sources of insecurity (i.e., the reasons why an individual might feel "unsafe" walking in their neighbourhood at night), and has been criticised for overestimating concerns about crime that respondents may rarely encounter, but nonetheless feel apprehensive about (Ball et al, 2007;Booth et al, 2000;Ferraro and Grange, 1987).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between physical activity and the neighbourhood social environment: baseline results from the HABITAT multilevel study

Rachele

Ghani

Loh

et al. 2016

Preventive Medicine

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Associations between physical activity and the neighbourhood social environment: baseline results from the HABITAT multilevel study, Preventive Medicine (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 AbstractLimitations have arisen when measuring associations between the neighbourhood social environment and physical activity, including same-source bias, and the reliability of aggregated neighbourhoodlevel social environment measures. This study aims to examine cross-sectional associations between the neighbourhood social environment (perceptions of incivilities, crime, and social cohesion) and self-reported physical activity, while accounting for same-source bias and reliability of neighbourhood-level exposure measures, using data from a large population-based clustered sample. No associations were found between social cohesion and physical activity. This study provides a basis from which to gain a clearer understanding of the relationship between the neighbourhood social environment and individual physical activity. Further work is required to explore the pathways between perceptions of the neighbourhood social environment and physical activity.

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Personal, social and environmental determinants of educational inequalities in walking: a multilevel study

Cited by 199 publications

References 36 publications

Is the intention–behaviour gap greater amongst the more deprived? A meta‐analysis of five studies on physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in smoking cessation

Is the intention–behaviour gap greater amongst the more deprived? A meta‐analysis of five studies on physical activity, diet, and medication adherence in smoking cessation

Exploring the relationship between childhood obesity and proximity to the coast: A rural/urban perspective

Associations between physical activity and the neighbourhood social environment: baseline results from the HABITAT multilevel study

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