Personal PM2.5 Exposure and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Blood

Sørensen, Mette; Daneshvar, Bahram; Hansen, Max; Dragsted, Lars Ove; Hertel, Ole; Knudsen, Lisbeth E.; Loft, Steffen

doi:10.1289/ehp.5646

Cited by 207 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…30 The third (and most plausible hypothesis) is predicated on the premise that airborne particulates enter the bloodstream where they may then interact with tissue components to promote the observed pathologic effects 30,31 ; the latter is supported by emerging evidence suggesting that inhaled inert gold nanoparticles not only enter the bloodstream of healthy adult volunteers, but are detected in the urine within minutes after exposure, providing a proof of concept that inhaled nanoparticles get filtered and excreted by the kidney. 31 These three hypotheses provide contextual background to evaluate the experimental and clinical findings describing the extrapulmonary effect of particulate matter air pollution, where it has been reported that exposure to elevated levels of PM 2.5 is associated with increased inflammatory mediators (including TNF-a, IL-6, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), oxidative stress, [32][33][34] increased atherosclerotic plaque area, and exaggerated vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine and serotonin. 35 Evidence suggests that increased PM 2.5 concentrations are associated with significant decrease in flow-mediated dilatation, 36,37 increases in systolic BP and pulse pressure, [38][39][40] and disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD

Bowe¹,

Xie²,

Li³

et al. 2017

JASN

258

236

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Elevated levels of fine particulate matter ,2.5 mm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 ) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes and death, but their association with risk of CKD and ESRD is unknown. We linked the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Veterans Affairs databases to build an observational cohort of 2,482,737 United States veterans, and used survival models to evaluate the association of PM 2.5 concentrations and risk of incident eGFR ,60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , incident CKD, eGFR decline $30%, and ESRD over a median follow-up of 8.52 years. In time-varying analyses, a 10-mg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 concentration was associated with similarly increased risk of eGFR,60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , CKD, eGFR decline $30%, and ESRD. Spline analyses showed a linear relationship between PM 2.5 concentrations and risk of kidney outcomes. Exposure estimates derived from National Aeronautics and Space Administration satellite data yielded consistent results. Our findings demonstrate a significant association between exposure to PM 2.5 and risk of incident CKD, eGFR decline, and ESRD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD

Bowe¹,

Xie²,

Li³

et al. 2017

JASN

258

236

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“…Contrariando esses achados, um estudo na Dinamarca em 50 universitários com idade entre 20-33 anos encontrou associações positivas entre exposição pessoal ao material particulado (particulate matter) ≤ 2,5 µm (PM 2,5 ) e concentração de GV e hemoglobina apenas em estudantes do sexo feminino 27 . A diferença entre os nossos achados e os desse estudo pode ser decorrente da nossa impossibilidade de medir partículas ultrafinas, apesar de, como um estudo na Guatemala descobriu, haver associação entre exposição à poluição do ar interna resultante da queima de combustíveis de biomassa e elevação na concentração de hemoglobina 28 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Association of air pollution and hematologic parameters in children and adolescents

Poursafa¹,

Kelishadi²,

Amini³

et al. 2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: To assess the relationship of air pollution and hematologic parameters in a population-based sample of children and adolescents. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009-2010 among school students randomly selected from different areas of Isfahan city, the second largest and most air-polluted city in Iran. The association of air pollutants levels with hemoglobin, platelets, red and white blood cells (RBC and WBC, respectively) levels was determined by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses, after adjustment for age, gender, anthropometric measures, meteorological factors, and dietary and physical activity habits. Results:The study participants consisted of 134 students (48.5% boys) with a mean age of 13.10±2.21 years. While the mean Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) was at moderate level, the mean particulate matter ≤ 10 µm (PM 10 ) was more than twice the normal level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PSI and most air pollutants, notably PM 10 , had significant negative relationship with hemoglobin and RBC count, and positive significant relationship with WBC and platelet counts. The odds ratio of elevated WBC increased as the quartiles of PM 10 , ozone and PSI increased, however these associations reached to significant level only in the highest quartile of PM 10 and PSI. The corresponding figures for hemoglobin and RBC were in opposite direction. Conclusions:The association of air pollutants with hematologic parameters and a possible pro-inflammatory state is highlighted. The presence of these associations with PM 10 in a moderate mean PSI level underscores the necessity to re-examine environmental health policies for the pediatric age group.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(4): Air pollution, cell blood count, atherosclerosis, inflammation, children, prevention. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a relação entre poluição atmosférica e parâ-metros hematológicos em uma amostra populacional de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos:Este estudo transversal foi realizado em 2009-2010 com estudantes escolhidos aleatoriamente de diversas áreas de Isfahan, a segunda maior e mais poluída cidade iraniana. A associação entre os níveis de poluentes do ar e os de hemoglobina, plaquetas, glóbulos brancos (GB) e glóbulos vermelhos (GV) foi determinada pelas análises linear múltipla e de regressão logística ajustadas para idade, sexo, medidas antropométricas, fatores meteorológicos, e hábitos alimentares e de atividade física. Resultados:Participaram do estudo 134 estudantes (48,5% meninos), com idade média de 13,10±2,21 anos. Com níveis moderados de Pollutant Standards Index (PSI), a média de material particulado (particulate matter) ≤ 10 µm (PM 10 ) foi mais do que o dobro do normal. A análise de regressão linear demonstrou que o PSI e a maioria dos poluentes atmosféricos, especialmente PM 10 , estiveram negativamente relacionados com a contagem de hemoglobina e GV e positivamente relacionados com a contagem de GB e plaquetas. O odds ratio de uma elevação nos GB aumentou conforme os quart...

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“…3a) (Hristov 2011). Several studies have found that PM 2.5 may deposit in the lungs, causing oxidative stress and possibly leading to increased morbidity (Riva et al 2011;Sorensen et al 2003). However, the toxicity of PM 2.5 seems to largely depend on the specific composition (Schlesinger 2007).…”

Section: The Soil Microbiome and The N-cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

Sigurdarson

Svane

Karring

2018

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

237

129

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Ammonia emissions from the agricultural sector give rise to numerous environmental and societal concerns and represent an economic challenge in crop farming, causing a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Ammonia emissions from agriculture originate from manure slurry (livestock housing, storage, and fertilization of fields) as well as urea-based mineral fertilizers. Consequently, political attention has been given to ammonia volatilization, and regulations of ammonia emissions have been implemented in several countries. The molecular cause of the emission is the enzyme urease, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease is present in many different organisms, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and plants. In agriculture, microorganisms found in animal fecal matter and soil are responsible for urea hydrolysis. One strategy to reduce ammonia emissions is the application of urease inhibitors as additives to urea-based synthetic fertilizers and manure slurry to block the formation of ammonia. However, treatment of the manure slurry with urease inhibitors is associated with increased livestock production costs and has not yet been commercialized. Thus, development of novel, environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies for ammonia emission mitigation is important. This mini-review describes the challenges associated with the volatilization of ammonia in agriculture and provides an overview of the molecular processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia emissions. Different technologies and strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are described with a special focus on the use of urease inhibitors. The mechanisms of action and efficiency of the most important urease inhibitors in relation to agriculture will be briefly discussed.

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Personal PM2.5 Exposure and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Blood

Cited by 207 publications

References 32 publications

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and the Risk of Incident CKD and Progression to ESRD

Association of air pollution and hematologic parameters in children and adolescents

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

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