Personal Monitoring Device for Gaseous Contaminants

Palmes, E. D.; Gunnison, Albert F.

doi:10.1080/0002889738506810

Cited by 184 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…The average atmospheric concentration is calculated by Fick's first law, using the exposure period (Palmes and Lindenboom 1979). Several passive samplers have been developed since Palmes and Gunnison published the principles of passive sampling (Palmes and Gunnison 1973). Passive monitoring for SO 2 goes back to 1945 in the UK, where lead peroxide candles were used (Cox 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO2 in Beirut: air quality implication and effects of local emissions and long-range transport

Afif

Chélala

Borbon

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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While sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emissions have been dramatically restricted in the past few decades, some cities in developing countries still encounter high pollution levels. This makes it essential to implement an air quality monitoring network in these sensitive regions. Results from a program of measuring groundlevel concentration of SO 2 (from December 2004 till July 2006) at 22 curbside and background sites within the city of Beirut (Lebanon) are presented for the first time. Four-week sampling period measurements were made over 20 periods for all sites by passive sampling. Low SO 2 concentrations were observed (3.1 parts per billion on average for the whole period). This value is among the lowest observed in urban areas worldwide. Thus, Beirut is not polluted by SO 2 on an annual basis. Highest concentrations were measured in winter time, resulting from low height of the boundary layer and higher emissions of SO 2 (e.g., heating). Cluster analysis revealed two different SO 2 variation patterns over the city (high-and low-level patterns), highlighting the effects of local sources location and wind direction variability on SO 2 distribution. Analysis of seasonal variations pointed out a springtime SO 2 maximum in 2005. Beside local sources, long-range transport can account for an important source of SO 2 in Beirut, explaining around 50% of SO 2 levels within the city.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO2 in Beirut: air quality implication and effects of local emissions and long-range transport

Afif

Chélala

Borbon

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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“…Despite its relatively long history (first use of passive sampling is reported in 1980s (Palmes and Gunnison 1973;Fowler 1982;Rose and Perkins 1982)), passive sampling is still developing and there are numerous review articles on this topic. Historically, passive sampling based on the principle of diffusion dosimeters was used for monitoring toxic chemicals in workplaces (Palmes and Gunnison 1973). Pine needles are one of the first "passive sampling devices", whose analysis is a well-established method for monitoring organic chemicals in the air (Kylin et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive sampling of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments

Křesinová

Petrů

Lhotský

et al. 2016

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Passive sampling is a rapidly developing technology, which is widely used for the monitoring of pollutants in different environments. Passive sampling offers significant advantages over traditional grab sampling. In the present review, the authors summarize the current literature on the methods of passive sampling used in the environmental monitoring of polar or semi-polar compounds in aqueous matrices. Methods of calibrating, design and deployment of samplers are also discussed. A major focus of this review is the use of polar organic compound integrative samplers (POCIS) and their use in sampling and monitoring of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs) in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions.

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“…for gases was introduced by Palmes and Gunnison (1973) in a form of a mathematical model. Later on, many different types of passive air samplers (PASs) were introduced for sampling of different compounds and the theory has been well established for gaseous compounds (Tompkins & Goldsmith, 1977;Huckins et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, passive samplers are cheap, unobtrusive and have a high spatial resolution (Bohlin, 2010). Consequently, passive sampling has emerged as an innovative technique to overcome today's sampling and analytical shortcomings.for gases was introduced by Palmes and Gunnison (1973) in a form of a mathematical model. Later on, many different types of passive air samplers (PASs) were introduced for sampling of different compounds and the theory has been well established for gaseous compounds (Tompkins & Goldsmith, 1977;Huckins et al, 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of airborne PAHs using passive sampling with 2,6 diphenyl-p-phenylenoxide as adsorbant

Ratnayake¹,

Wingfors²

2017

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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This study focused on initial tests of a small passive phenylenoxide as the substrate. The sampler was technically designed for both gaseous and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). It was further validated in a sampling rates were calculated by cross comparison with simultaneous active sampler data. Higher sampling rates were observed for low-molecular-weight PAHs, upon prolonged sampling periods at outdoor ambient air conditions. Although only moderate sampling rates were observed when coupled with a highly sensitive analysis technique based on thermal desorption gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, the passive sampler was shown to be competitive with the other passive samplers in literature. These results are promising and support the future use of this sampler for more quantitative analysis of gaseous and particle-bound PAHs.Keywords polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. INTRODUCTIONAir pollution caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is an issue receiving continuous attention in many of PAHs have been reported in various occupational environments (Branisteanu & Aiking, 1998;Jongeneelen, 2001). Special attention has been allocated to analysing PAHs and associated compounds from incomplete combustion processes, which are believed to play a role in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are also considered as mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds (Bowen, 2003;Molto et al., 2009). Some selected physico-chemical characteristics of PAHs are denoted in Table I of the Appendix. Considering the negative impact on human health, initiatives for further investigation and better screening methods to monitor air pollution are required. Most of the current PAH sampling methods are labour-intensive and involve pump-driven techniques. Active sampling is accurate and highly quantitative, but complex in design, expensive and requires maintenance. In contrast, passive samplers are cheap, unobtrusive and have a high spatial resolution (Bohlin, 2010). Consequently, passive sampling has emerged as an innovative technique to overcome today's sampling and analytical shortcomings.for gases was introduced by Palmes and Gunnison (1973) in a form of a mathematical model. Later on, many different types of passive air samplers (PASs) were introduced for sampling of different compounds and the theory has been well established for gaseous compounds (Tompkins & Goldsmith, 1977;Huckins et al., 1990).Most of the existing PASs are designed for gas sampling of semi-volatile organic compounds, and based on high capacity sampling against a linear sampling rate for long durations such as weeks or months. Polyurethane (SPMDs), XAD-resin based samplers and membrane samplers are such examples (Petty et al., 1993; Wania et al., 2003; Harner et al., 2013). In addition, a few low capacity samplers such as polymer coated glass (POG) (Harner et al., 2003) and solid phase micro extraction (SPME) samplers have also been reported (Bohlin, 2010). PAHs are known to partition between the gas and particulate phase, with...

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Personal Monitoring Device for Gaseous Contaminants

Cited by 184 publications

References 0 publications

SO2 in Beirut: air quality implication and effects of local emissions and long-range transport

SO2 in Beirut: air quality implication and effects of local emissions and long-range transport

Passive sampling of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments

Determination of airborne PAHs using passive sampling with 2,6 diphenyl-p-phenylenoxide as adsorbant

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