Personal Information Markets and Privacy: A New Model to Solve the Controversy

Novotny, Alexander; Spiekermann, Sarah

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2148885

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Given what Novotny and Spiekermann have called the "missing governance of personal data markets" [47] threatens to undermine subject trust in data sharing practice, and given that data sharing underlies not only a series of very valuable public services but also a whole economy, PDSs are highly suggestive of a means of putting the data subject at the centre of the data market's institutional structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a model would regulate the uses of data, and would be centred on the subject who would be given a greater, and less binary, measure of control. For example, Novotny and Spiekermann argue for a three-tier information market, with key distinctions in terms of responsibilities and liabilities between data subjects, service providers, a second tier service space that provides essential support for the top level service relationship, and a tertiary space in which data from the top level relationship is reused on an open but restricted market [47].…”

Section: The Dilemmas Of the Data Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Future of Social Is Personal: The Potential of the Personal Data Store

Kleek

O’Hara

2014

Social Collective Intelligence

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This chapter argues that technical architectures that facilitate the longitudinal, decentralised and individual-centric personal collection and curation of data will be an important, but partial, response to the pressing problem of the autonomy of the data subject, and the asymmetry of power between the subject and large scale service providers/data consumers. Towards framing the scope and role of such Personal Data Stores (PDSes), the legalistic notion of personal data is examined, and it is argued that a more inclusive, intuitive notion expresses more accurately what individuals require in order to preserve their autonomy in a data-driven world of large aggregators. Six challenges towards realising the PDS vision are set out: the requirement to store data for long periods; the difficulties of managing data for individuals; the need to reconsider the regulatory basis for third-party access to data; the need to comply with international data handling standards; the need to integrate privacy-enhancing technologies; and the need to future-proof data gathering against the evolution of social norms. The open experimental PDS platform INDX is introduced and described, as a means of beginning to address at least some of these six challenges.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Dilemmas Of the Data Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Social Is Personal: The Potential of the Personal Data Store

Kleek

O’Hara

2014

Social Collective Intelligence

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“…To develop our PI market vision, we initially proposed a 3-tier market model (Novotny and Spiekermann, 2013) that categorized current PI market players into three groups: (1) CR-Hs involved in direct service-and PI exchange with customers, (2) data processing companies servicing CR-Hs and (3) third parties (including data brokers), which would work purely on anonymized data. This model was critically discussed and challenged in the course of 13 in-depth interviews with world-leading data protection experts (denoted hereafter as "I") and a workshop with the European advertisement industry (denoted hereafter as "W").…”

Section: If This Is the Goal What Legal Measures Would Need To Be Tamentioning

confidence: 99%

A vision for global privacy bridges: Technical and legal measures for international data markets

Spiekermann

Novotny

2015

Computer Law & Security Review

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From the early days of the information economy, personal data has been its most valuable asset. Despite data protection laws and an acknowledged right to privacy, trading personal information has become a business equated with "trading oil". Most of this business is done without the knowledge and active informed consent of the people. But as data breaches and abuses are made public through the media, consumers react. They become irritated about companies' data handling practices, lose trust, exercise political pressure and start to protect their privacy with the help of technical tools. As a result, companies' Internet business models that are based on personal data are unsettled. An open conflict is arising between business demands for data and a desire for privacy. As of 2015 no true answer is in sight of how to resolve this conflict. Technologists, economists and regulators are struggling to develop technical solutions and policies that meet businesses' demand for more data while still maintaining privacy. Yet, most of the proposed solutions fail to account for market complexity and provide no pathway to technological and legal implementation. They lack a bigger vision for data use and privacy. To break this vicious cycle, we propose and test such a vision of a personal information market with privacy. We accumulate technical and legal measures that have been proposed by technical and legal scholars over the past two decades. And out of this existing knowledge, we compose something new: a four-space market model for personal data.

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“…Restricting data-reuse policy An important -an so far under-researched in terms of technical solutions [9] aspect of publishing data on the web and especially in combination with restricted data is the definition of data re-use policies. Although a data owner might have granted a party to use its data, the owner usually does not want to pass this permission to downstream customers.…”

Section: Restricting Access To Specific Parties and Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining expressive access policies for linked data using the ODRL ontology 2.0

Steyskal

Polleres

2014

Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Semantic Systems

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Together with the latest efforts in publishing Linked (Open) Data, legal issues around publishing and consuming such data are gaining increased interest. Particular areas of interest include (i) how to define more expressive access policies which go beyond common licenses, (ii) how to introduce pricing models for online datasets (for non-open data) and (iii) how to realize (i)+(ii) while providing descriptions of respective meta data that is both human readable and machine processable. In this paper, we show based on different examples that the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) Ontology 2.0 is able to address all previous mentioned issues, i.e. is suitable to express a large variety of different access policies for Linked Data. By defining policies as ODRL in RDF we aim for (i) higher flexibility and simplicity in usage, (ii) machine/human readability and (iii) fine-grained policy expressions for Linked (Open) Data.

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Personal Information Markets and Privacy: A New Model to Solve the Controversy

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

The Future of Social Is Personal: The Potential of the Personal Data Store

The Future of Social Is Personal: The Potential of the Personal Data Store

A vision for global privacy bridges: Technical and legal measures for international data markets

Defining expressive access policies for linked data using the ODRL ontology 2.0

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