Personal exposure monitoring wearing protocol compliance: An initial assessment of quantitative measurement

Lawless, P.A.; Thornburg, Jonathan; Rodes, Charles; Williams, Ron

doi:10.1038/jes.2012.8

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with those of a recent study in which men and retirees were more compliant in wearing a sensor that quantifies exposure to particulate matter than participants who worked outside the home (26). In clinical trials, older participants tend to be more compliant in following research protocols than younger people, but the effect of education level is inconsistent across different studies (29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Measuring Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Using a Dosimetric Technique: Understanding Participant Compliance Issues

Sun

Lucas

Harrison

et al. 2014

Photochem & Photobiology

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Personal ultraviolet dosimeters have been used in epidemiological studies to understand the risks and benefits of individuals' exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). We investigated the types and determinants of noncompliance associated with a protocol for use of polysulphone UVR dosimeters. In the AusD Study, 1002 Australian adults (aged 18-75 years) were asked to wear a new dosimeter on their wrist each day for 10 consecutive days to quantify their daily exposure to solar UVR. Of the 10 020 dosimeters distributed, 296 (3%) were not returned or used (Type-I noncompliance) and other usage errors were reported for 763 (8%) returned dosimeters (Type-II noncompliance). Type-I errors were more common in participants with predominantly outdoor occupations. Type-II errors were reported more frequently on the first day of measurement; weekend days or rainy days; and among females; younger people; more educated participants or those with outdoor occupations. Half (50%) the participants reported a noncompliance error on at least 1 day during the 10-day period. However, 92% of participants had at least 7 days of usable data without any apparent noncompliance issues. The factors identified should be considered when designing future UVR dosimetry studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Measuring Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Using a Dosimetric Technique: Understanding Participant Compliance Issues

Sun

Lucas

Harrison

et al. 2014

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…Figure illustrates the distribution of wearing compliance on Day 1 and Day 2; the scatterplot compares daily wearing compliance for individual participants. For the majority of households, the measured wearing compliance was greater than 70%, indicating the participants wore the MicroPEM long enough for the measurements to be considered representative of personal exposures (Lawless et al., ). Two households showed outlying low wearing compliances (<70%), but while the wearing compliance for these two homes was comparatively low, manual analysis of the PM 2.5 time‐series data show that the personal MicroPEM was worn during all cooking events.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual behavior, as well as the vertical and spatial gradients of PM 2.5 concentrations in the kitchen and living areas, makes it very difficult to accurately predict personal exposures without direct measurement (Clark et al, ). This difference would be even greater for a non‐cook occupying the home, such as a small child who does not necessarily need to stay close to the stove during cooking periods (Lawless et al., ; Rodes et al., ; Steinle et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of human exposures to household air pollution from commonly used cookstoves in Sri Lanka

et al. 2016

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Solid fuel burning cookstoves are a major source of household air pollution (HAP) and a significant environmental health risk in Sri Lanka. We report results of the first field study in Sri Lanka to include direct measurements of both real-time indoor concentrations and personal exposures of fine particulate matter (PM ) in households using the two most common stove types in Sri Lanka. A purposive sample of 53 households was selected in the rural community of Kopiwatta in central Sri Lanka, roughly balanced for stove type (traditional or improved 'Anagi') and ventilation (chimney present or absent). At each household, 48-h continuous real-time measurements of indoor kitchen PM and personal (primary cook) PM concentrations were measured using the RTI MicroPEM personal exposure monitor. Questionnaires were used to collect data related to household demographics, characteristics, and self-reported health symptoms. All primary cooks were female and of an average age of 47 years, with 66% having completed primary education. Median income was slightly over half the national median monthly income. Use of Anagi stoves was positively associated with a higher education level of the primary cook (P = 0.026), although not associated with household income (P = 0.18). The MicroPEM monitors were well-received by participants, and this study's valid data capture rate exceeded 97%. Participant wearing compliance during waking hours was on average 87.2% on Day 1 and 83.3% on Day 2. Periods of non-compliance occurred solely during non-cooking times. The measured median 48-h average indoor PM concentration for households with Anagi stoves was 64 μg/m if a chimney was present and 181 μg/m if not. For households using traditional stoves, these values were 70 μg/m if a chimney was present and 371 μg/m if not. Overall, measured indoor PM concentrations ranged from a minimum of 33 μg/m to a maximum of 940 μg/m , while personal exposure concentrations ranged from 34 to 522 μg/m . Linear mixed effects modeling of the dependence of indoor concentrations on stove type and presence or absence of chimney showed a significant chimney effect (65% reduction; P < 0.001) and an almost significant stove effect (24% reduction; P = 0.054). Primary cooks in households without chimneys were exposed to substantially higher levels of HAP than those in households with chimneys, while exposures in households with traditional stoves were moderately higher than those with improved Anagi stoves. As expected, simultaneously measuring both indoor concentrations and personal exposure levels indicate significant exposure misclassification bias will likely result from the use of a stationary monitor as a proxy for personal exposure. While personal exposure monitoring is more complex and expensive than deploying simple stationary devices, the value an active personal PM monitor like the MicroPEM adds to an exposure study should be considered in future study designs.

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“…Ultimately, and as defined in Section 3, a smaller number of VOCs (12) were incorporated into the final statistical analysis based on data availability. We have previously reported upon the impact of protocol compliance in the determination of true personal exposure monitoring (the wearing of personal exposure monitoring devices as defined by the study design) in both Rodes et al (2010) and Lawless et al (2012). In particular we defined personal monitoring compliance here with the adherence of wearing the monitoring vest a minimum of 60% of non-sleep hours and being exposed to a maximum of 1.5 mg/m 3 of PM 2.5 -related environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during each 24 h period.…”

Section: Personal Voc Exposure Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60% and Nicotine 1.5 mg/m 3 ). The vest compliance was mathematically determined by examination of the electronic signature of the personal exposure monitoring device relative to key parameters including sensor temperature (proximity to the human body) and 3-D sensor movement (accelerometry) as defined in Lawless et al (2012).…”

Section: Participants Grouping and Base Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between personal exposures to VOCs and alterations in cardiovascular physiology: Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS)

Shin

Jones

Brook

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

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Personal exposure monitoring wearing protocol compliance: An initial assessment of quantitative measurement

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Measuring Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Using a Dosimetric Technique: Understanding Participant Compliance Issues

Measuring Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Using a Dosimetric Technique: Understanding Participant Compliance Issues

A comparative study of human exposures to household air pollution from commonly used cookstoves in Sri Lanka

Associations between personal exposures to VOCs and alterations in cardiovascular physiology: Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS)

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