Personal Data Portability In The Platform Economy: Economic Implications And Policy Recommendations

Krämer, Jan

doi:10.1093/joclec/nhaa030

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, determining (and verifying) the proper implementation of the RtDP is a task that legislators have left to consumers, data protection organizations, and data controllers. After a preliminary tug-of-war between EU policy makers and lobbyists of online services during the enactment of the GDPR [23], its implementation is envisioned to evolve as a result of a common collaborative process [9].…”

Section: Data Portability In Privacy Legislation and In Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Data Portability between Online Services: An Empirical Analysis on the Effectiveness of GDPR Art. 20

Syrmoudis

Mager

Kuebler-Wachendorff

et al. 2021

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies

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Data portability regulation has promised that individuals will be easily able to transfer their personal data between online service providers. Yet, after more than two years of an active privacy regulation regime in the European Union, this promise is far from being fulfilled. Given the lack of a functioning infrastructure for direct data portability between multiple providers, we investigate in our study how easily an individual could currently make use of an indirect data transfer between providers. We define such porting as a two-step transfer: firstly, requesting a data export from one provider, followed secondly by the import of the obtained data to another provider. To answer this question, we examine the data export practices of 182 online services, including the top one hundred visited websites in Germany according to the Alexa ranking, as well as their data import capabilities. Our main results show that high-ranking services, which primarily represent incumbents of key online markets, provide significantly larger data export scope and increased import possibilities than their lower-ranking competitors. Moreover, they establish more thorough authentication of individuals before export. These first empirical results challenge the theoretical literature on data portability, according to which, it would be expected that incumbents only complied with the minimal possible export scope in order to not lose exclusive consumer data to market competitors free-of-charge. We attribute the practices of incumbents observed in our study to the absence of an infrastructure realizing direct data portability.

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Section: Data Portability In Privacy Legislation and In Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Data Portability between Online Services: An Empirical Analysis on the Effectiveness of GDPR Art. 20

Syrmoudis

Mager

Kuebler-Wachendorff

et al. 2021

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies

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“…At the other extreme, opposed to benign monopolies, are essential facilities based on platform envelopment. Essential facilities based on platform envelopment are virtually impervious to competition (Clemons, 2019c;Eisenmann et al, 2011;Krämer, 2021). At the center of an essential facility is a core technology, like the Android platform or Microsoft's Windows operating system.…”

Section: Online Gateways and Platform Envelopment As Essential Facili...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cooperation Paradox

et al. 2022

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Dominant American online platforms like Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant have become Life Control Interfaces (LCIs), which facilitate consumers’ online interactions and influence what consumers do and do not see and buy. These platforms operate outside of EU regulation, and create significant costs for traditional European firms in a wide range of industries. These platforms can reduce firms’ access to customers, can charge for enabling access to customers, or can charge for access to essential data on firms’ customers. Since these platforms enjoy monopoly power there is little restraint on their charges, which indirectly increase consumers’ prices. We propose that regulators encourage the formation of a consortium to offer a single integrated EU-based Life Control Interface (EuLCI). This consortium would increase the number of EuLCIs from zero to one, and thus would actually increase consumer choice. We call cooperation that enhances rather than limits choice The Cooperation Paradox.

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“…MyData, which reflects the right to self-determination, is an important component of this paradigm shift. Personal data portability can create value by actively utilising data in the platform economy, and its expansion requires policy management, technical support, and user participation [10,35]. This research will serve as a significant foundation for accepting data portability and data sharing concepts and expanding the data economy and data ecosystem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Since the establishment of a data ecosystem that actively utilises personal information, related policy discussions have continued regarding data sharing and utilisation [34,35]. In addition, country-led projects reflecting data portability have been ongoing in the UK, Sweden, Australia, and South Korea [10,29,36,37].…”

Section: The Mydata Platform Based Personal Health Record Data Sharin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the factors influencing the use of MyData platform based on personal health record data sharing system

Choi

Chang

Yang

et al. 2022

BMC Med Inform Decis Mak

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Background The application of telemedicine and electronic health (eHealth) technology has grown in importance during the COVID-19 pandemic, and a new approach in personal data management and processing MyData, has emerged. Data portability and informational self-determination are fundamental concepts of MyData. This study analysed the factors that influence acceptance of the MyData platform, which, reflects the right to self-determine personal data. Methods The study involved participants having experience using the MyData platform, and the key factors of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology were used in the research model (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitation condition and behavioural intention to use). The questionnaire comprided 27 items, and system usage log data were used to confirm that behavioural intention to use affected actual use behaviour through structural equation modeling. Results In total, 1153 participants completed the survey. The goodness of fit in the structural equation model indices indicates that the data fit the research model well. Performance expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions had direct effects on behavioural intention to use. We used system usage log data to confirm that behavioural intention to use positively affected actual use behaviour. The impact of the main factors in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology was not moderated by age or gender, except for performance expectancy. Conclusions This study is the first to examine the factors influencing the use of the MyData platform based on the personal health record data sharing system in Korea. In addition, the study confirmed the use behaviour of the MyData platform utilising the system’s actual usage log for each function and analysing the effect of the intention of use on actual use. Our study serves as a significant foundation for the acceptance of data portability and sharing concepts. It also lays the foundation for expanding the data economy and ecosystem in the pandemic era.

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Personal Data Portability In The Platform Economy: Economic Implications And Policy Recommendations

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Data Portability between Online Services: An Empirical Analysis on the Effectiveness of GDPR Art. 20

Data Portability between Online Services: An Empirical Analysis on the Effectiveness of GDPR Art. 20

The Cooperation Paradox

Study of the factors influencing the use of MyData platform based on personal health record data sharing system

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