Personal and social factors which protect against bullying victimization

Abstract

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de ser víctima de bullying y analizar la influencia de factores personales y sociales sobre este fenómeno en una población de adolescentes. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y multicéntrico, realizado entre alumnos de 15-18 años en cinco institutos de educación secundaria de Cuenca durante el curso académico 2015-1016. Las variables de estudio se recogieron mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado que incluyó: edad, sexo, diferentes subescalas del cuestionario KIDSCREEN-52 y la escala de resiliencia CD-RISC 10. Resultados: Se recogieron datos de 844 estudiantes (54% chicas), la edad media de la muestra fue de 16,36 años. La prevalencia de víctimas de bullying fue de 29,5%. El análisis multivariante para los factores personales, mostró que ser chica, ser más resiliente, tener mejor autopercepción y bienestar psicológico, protegen frente a ser víctimas. Mientras que el modelo de factores sociales indicó que tienen también un efecto protector los recursos económicos, las relaciones con los padres, amigos y entorno escolar. Conclusión: El bullying es un fenómeno complejo de elevada prevalencia y gran repercusión social. En nuestro trabajo, las características propias de los adolescentes tales como la capacidad de resistencia y el control emocional, así como las relacionadas con su red social de apoyo, son factores protectores frente al bullying. Las políticas de prevención deben ser multisectoriales y multidisciplinares implicando a la familia, entorno escolar y asistencial y red social. Las enfermeras de atención primaria y especialmente la enfermera escolar, podrían facilitar una mayor coordinación entre los distintos sectores y aunar esfuerzos para promover entornos seguros para nuestros jóvenes. ABSTRACT:Objective: To determine the prevalence of bullying victimization and to analyze personal and social factors influence over this phenomenon in an adolescent population. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional and multicenter study was carried out in 15-18 years old pupils in five secondary schools of Cuenca during the 2015-16 school year. The variables were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and included age, gender, different subscales of the KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire and the resilience scale CD-RISC 10. Results: Data were obtained from 844 students (of whom 54% were girls) whose average age was 16.36 years old. The prevalence of bullying victimization was 29,5%. The multivariate analysis for the personal factors showed that being girl, more resilient, having better self-perception and psychological well-being, protect from being victims. Whereas the social factors model indicated that financial resources, parents and peers´ relations and school environment do also have a protective effect. Conclusion: Bullying is a complex phenomenon with high prevalence and great social impact. In our work, adolescents´ specific characteristics such as resistance capacity and emotional control, as well as the ones related to their social support, are protect...

Effect of Bullying on the Risk of Anxiety and Social Interaction Disorder among Senior High School in Yogyakarta

“…6. The effect of social interaction disorders on bullying behavior in adolescents In line with the research of Saiz et al, (2019) which shows that adolescents who do not experience bullying have no social interaction disorders in the school environment. Adolescents who have social interaction disorders such as closing themselves more, blaming themselves, feeling inferior, feeling intimidated, feeling guilty have no place in the bully's mind when he causes pain, harm and injury to the victim, thus making someone more happy to be alone and it possibly becomes the strongest predictor of bullying.…”

“…This is in line with Martinez- Monteagudo et al, (2020) showing that groups with high scores and greater social anxiety show adolescents who are more intensely involved in bullying behavior and who are more depressed, socially uncomfortable, and are more likely to avoid most of the social situations which they should have associated with peers. Typical social anxiety behaviors can have long-term repercussions as well as potentially causing social interaction problems, inhibiting social behavior with peers in real life environments (Saiz et al, 2019).…”

“…The association between exposure to bullying and health problems was found that children who were victims of bullying had high scores of having headaches, feeling bad, crying, dizziness, restlessness, nervousness, sleep problems much more frequently. It has been detected in studies that children who are victims of bullying have more health and mental problems than children who do not engage in bullying (Saiz et al, 2019). 6.…”

“…Bullying behavior in students can be influenced by high exposure through social media, family and peer environments, anxiety levels, low self-concept, social interaction disorders, so that children have the potential to become more aggressive, brave, rebellious, and seek social support for bullying to schoolmates whom they deem weak and easy to bully. The self-concept that exists in victims of bullying will develop from social interactions in their environment (Festl and Quandt, 2013;Craig et al, 2020;Martinez-Monteagudo et al, 2020;Saiz et al, 2019).…”

Effects of an incremental theory of personality intervention on the reciprocity between bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration in adolescents

“…Bullying involves a power imbalance between a target and his or her perpetrator(s) and tends to be repeated over time [1]. Reports indicate that the bullying perpetration rates range between 6.4% and 11% [2,3], and victimization rates range between 21% and 48.5% [2–5]. The consequences for victims can be dramatic because peer victimization is associated with numerous mental health problems and a considerable decline in quality of life [6,7].…”