Personal activity intelligence and mortality – Data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Nauman, Javaid; Sui, Xuemei; Lavie, Carl J.; Wen, Chi Pang; Laukkanen, Jari A.; Blair, Steven N.; Dunn, Patrick; Arena, Ross; Wisløff, Ulrik

doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2020.05.005

Cited by 13 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To examine the association between PAI and body weight, participants were divided into five groups according to their weekly PAI-scores: 0 PAI (inactive), 1 to 50 PAI, 51 to 99 PAI, 100 to 199 PAI and ≥200 PAI, using the inactive group as reference category. The choice of these cut points was made “a priori” based on previous reports, [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] ] and further extended to investigate the association between PAI and body weight. Linear mixed model analyses [ 31 ] were performed to examine body weight according to PAI levels at all three HUNT waves using data from participants who underwent at least one of the three HUNT waves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an activity metric named Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) was developed based on mechanistic interactions between physical activity and CRF [ 20 , 21 ]. The metric accounts for relative intensity of physical activity through %HRRs: when combined with a heart rate monitor, the metric translates individual weekly heart rates, by the means of individual resting and maximal heart rates, into a straightforward and easily applicable sex-specific and personal score [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ]. Thus, PAI scores may be obtained while performing different combinations of physical activity options at varying intensities according to personal preferences, as long as individual heart rates are elevated above resting heart rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, PAI scores may be obtained while performing different combinations of physical activity options at varying intensities according to personal preferences, as long as individual heart rates are elevated above resting heart rate. For example, a score of 100 PAI can be obtained by combining 60 weekly minutes of brisk walking, 40 weekly minutes of cycling, 50 weekly minutes of swimming, 30 weekly minutes of dancing/aerobics, and 20 weekly minutes of running [ 24 ]. A weekly PAI-score of 0 represents inactivity, whereas a weekly ≥100 PAI-score was associated with lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among adults in the general population, in adults with established CVD, and in sub-group analysis of adults with overweight and obesity [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) and body weight in a population free from cardiovascular disease – The HUNT study

Kieffer

Nauman

Syverud

et al. 2021

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe

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Summary Background Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) is a new metric for physical activity tracking, and is associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. We prospectively investigated whether PAI is associated with lower body weight gain in a healthy population. Methods We included 85,243 participants (40,037 men and 45,206 women) who participated in at least one of three waves of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT1: 1984-86, HUNT2: 1995-97, and HUNT3: 2006-08). We used questionnaires to estimate PAI, and linear mixed models to examine body weight according to PAI levels at three study waves. We also conducted regression analyses to assess separate relationships between change in PAI and the combined changes in PAI and physical activity recommendations, according to body weight from HUNT1 to HUNT3. Findings Compared with HUNT1, body weight was 8.6 and 6.7 kg higher at HUNT3 for men and women, respectively, but was lower among those with ≥200 PAI at HUNT3. For both sexes, a change from inactive (0 PAI) at HUNT1 to ≥100 weekly PAI-score at HUNT2 and HUNT3, and a ≥100 PAI-score at all three occasions were associated with lower body weight gain, compared with the reference group (0 PAI at all three waves). Importantly, among both sexes, obtaining ≥100 weekly PAI at HUNT1 and HUNT3 was associated with lower body weight gain regardless of adhering to physical activity guidelines. Interpretation Adhering to a high PAI over time may be a useful tool to attenuate excessive body weight gain in a population free from cardiovascular disease. Funding Norwegian Research Council and the Liaison Committee between the Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian University of Science and technology.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) and body weight in a population free from cardiovascular disease – The HUNT study

Kieffer

Nauman

Syverud

et al. 2021

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe

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“…[11][12][13] Recent PAI studies in cohorts of relatively healthy individuals and in subgroups of patients with CVD have shown that, compared with inactive individuals, those who attained a weekly PAI score greater than or equal to 100 had a lower risk of total and cause-specific mortality, regardless of whether contemporary PA recommendations were met. 11,12,14,15 Importantly, improvement in PAI score over time was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in apparently healthy cohorts, supporting a cause-and-effect relationship, rather than merely associations between these variables. 16,17 However, to date, all studies substantiating the inverse association between PAI and mortality were conducted in high-income countries, specifically Norway 11 and the United States, 15,17 with relatively homogenous populations, limiting the generalizability of these findings to other nations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…11,12,14,15 Importantly, improvement in PAI score over time was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in apparently healthy cohorts, supporting a cause-and-effect relationship, rather than merely associations between these variables. 16,17 However, to date, all studies substantiating the inverse association between PAI and mortality were conducted in high-income countries, specifically Norway 11 and the United States, 15,17 with relatively homogenous populations, limiting the generalizability of these findings to other nations. The present study was conducted to examine the associations between PAI and mortality from CVD and all causes using the China Kadoorie Biobank, a large prospective investigation of Chinese adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Association Between Personal Activity Intelligence and Mortality: Population-Based China Kadoorie Biobank Study

Nauman

Franklin

Nes

et al. 2022

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

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Objective: To prospectively investigate the association between personal activity intelligence (PAI) d a novel metabolic metric which translates heart rate during physical activity into a simple weekly score d and mortality in relatively healthy participants in China whose levels and patterns of physical activity in addition to other lifestyle factors are different from those in high-income countries. Patients and Methods: From the population-based China Kadoorie Biobank study, 443,792 healthy adults were recruited between June 2004 and July 2008. Participant's weekly PAI score was estimated and divided into four groups (PAI scores of 0, 50, 51e99, or 100). Using Cox proportional hazard analyses, we calculated adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality related to PAI scores. Results: During a median follow-up of 8.2 (interquartile range, 7.3 to 9.1) years, there were 21,901 deaths, including 9466 CVD deaths. Compared with the inactive group (0 PAI score), a baseline weekly PAI score greater than or equal to 100 was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, an AHR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.94) in men, and an AHR of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92) in women, after adjusting for multiple confounders. Participants with a weekly PAI score greater than or equal to 100 also had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (AHR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.97 in men, and AHR, 0.93; 95%, 0.88 to 0.98 in women). Moreover, this subgroup gained 2.7 (95% CI, 2.4 to 3.0) years of life, compared with the inactive cohort. Conclusion: Among relatively healthy Chinese adults, the PAI metric was inversely associated with CVD and all-cause mortality, highlighting the generalizability of the score in different races, ethnicities, and socioeconomic strata.

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Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations

Franklin

Eijsvogels²,

Pandey

et al. 2022

American Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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Personal activity intelligence and mortality – Data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Association between Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) and body weight in a population free from cardiovascular disease – The HUNT study

Association between Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) and body weight in a population free from cardiovascular disease – The HUNT study

Association Between Personal Activity Intelligence and Mortality: Population-Based China Kadoorie Biobank Study

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