Person-Centered Communication for Nursing Home Residents With Dementia: Four Communication Analysis Methods

Williams, Kristine; Perkhounkova, Yelena; Jao, Ying-Ling; Bossen, Ann; Hein, Maria; Chung, Sophia Jihey; Starykowicz, Anne; Turk, Margaret A.

doi:10.1177/0193945917697226

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…So, the type and quality of social interactions, for example (the type of) person centered care [46] or involvement by family members [47, 48] also can account for differences in care facilities. Further research exploring aspects of quality in relation to the quantity of social interactions can contribute to more specific therapeutic interventions in dementia care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rest-activity rhythms in small scale homelike care and traditional care for residents with dementia

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAn enriched environment for residents with dementia may have a positive effect on the rest-activity rhythm. A small scaled homelike special care unit might be such an enriched environment. The present study shows whether the rest-activity rhythm of residents with moderate to severe dementia responds positively to a transfer from a regular Special Care Unit (SCU) to a small scaled homelike SCU.MethodsInitially, a group of 145 residents living in a regular SCU participated. Out of this group, 77 residents moved to a small scaled homelike SCU. This group was compared to the group of 68 residents that remained at the regular SCU. Rest-activity rhythm was assessed by means of actigraphy and observation scales before and after relocation.ResultsNo significant main effects nor significant interaction effects in intradaily and interdaily activity were found for the data of 38 residents in the small scaled homelike SCU and 20 residents of the regular SCU. The effect sizes, however, ranged from small to large.ConclusionsConsidering the effect sizes, a new study with a larger number of participants is necessary before firm conclusions can be drawn.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN11151241. registration date: 21–06-2017. Retrospectively registered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rest-activity rhythms in small scale homelike care and traditional care for residents with dementia

et al. 2017

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“…The inter‐rater reliability of the refined CUED was established by having four trained research assistants code 22 randomly selected videos (20% of the 110 videos) on their own. Prior studies have used at least 10% of the study sample to establish inter‐rater reliability of behavioural coding schemes using videotaped observations (Mahoney et al., 1999; Williams et al., 2018). Because our video sample was mostly video clips with varied durations rather than whole mealtime videos, we used 20% of the sample to establish inter‐rater reliability.…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ease of use, feasibility and inter‐rater reliability of the refined Cue Utilization and Engagement in Dementia (CUED) mealtime video‐coding scheme

Liu

Batchelor

Williams

2020

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aims To refine the Cue Utilization and Engagement in Dementia mealtime video‐coding scheme and examine its ease of use, feasibility, and inter‐rater reliability in assessing the food intake process and dyadic verbal and nonverbal interactions. Design This study was a secondary analysis of 110 videotaped observations of mealtime interactions collected under usual care conditions from a dementia communication trial during 2011–2014. Methods The videos involved 29 staff and 25 residents with dementia (42 unique staff‐resident dyads) in nine nursing homes. Data coding and analysis were performed in 2018–2019. Logs of coding challenges with matched solutions and coding time were collected. Inter‐rater reliability was examined through rating of randomly selected 22 videos across four trained coders. Results It took a mean of 10.81 hr to code a one‐hour video using the refined coding scheme. Coding challenges, including identification of key intake process characteristics and differentiation of similar verbal or nonverbal behaviours, were identified with appropriate solutions. The refined coding scheme had good inter‐rater reliability (Cohen's Kappa range = 0.93 – 0.99, 95% CI = 0.92 – 0.99). Conclusion Findings supported preliminary evidence on feasibility, usability and inter‐rater reliability of the refined coding scheme. Future psychometric testing is needed in diverse populations with dementia across different care settings. Impact Existing tools assessing the food intake process and dyadic interactions are few and have limited feasibility and/or reliability and fail to capture the complexity and dynamics of mealtime care. The refined coding scheme showed preliminary feasibility, usability, and inter‐rater reliability. In consideration of the balance between time intensity and the richness of data obtained, the tool may be appropriate and useful in addressing certain research inquires (e.g., characterizing and clustering dyadic behaviours, temporal relationship between behaviours and intake) pertaining older adults with or without dementia and their formal or informal caregivers.

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“… 37 The authors described that CHAT training program led to a significant reduction in cost and time in managing behavioral symptoms and in the complete care of dementia patients. 38 Moreover, the employment of “person-centered communication” in 39 nursing assistants from 11 nursing homes as a part of 3-session Changing Talk communication training led to significant improvement in behavioral and psycholinguistic measures 39 ( Table 2 ). Another recent study has shown that lexically and grammatically rich communication with little elderspeak led to a significant reduction in resistiveness to care, linguistic isolation, and minimal chances of breakdown down of communication.…”

Section: Avoidance Of Elderspeak Reduces Resistiveness To Care In Demmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elderspeak to Resident Dementia Patients Increases Resistiveness to Care in Health Care Profession

Zhang

Zhao

Meng

2020

INQUIRY

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Resistiveness to care is very common among patients of dementia as these patients do not take medicines, meals or bath very easily. Indeed, it is a very challenging task for health caregivers and there is a significant rise in time and cost involved in managing dementia patients. Amongst different factors, the type of communication between resident dementia patients and health caregivers is an important contributing factor in the development of resistiveness to care. Elderspeak (baby talk) is a type of communication in which health caregivers adjust their language and style while interacting with elderly and dependent patients. It involves the use of short sentences, simple grammar, slow and high pitch voice, repeating phrases to provide a comfortable and friendly environment to patients. Most of the time, caregivers tend to adapt elderspeak as they handle weak and fragile older patients for routine activities. Although elderspeak is meant to provide support, warmth and care to patients, yet patients perceive elderspeak as patronizing and it induces negative feelings about self-esteem. Scientists have found a correlation between the development of resistiveness to care and the extent of elderspeak in communication. Therefore, there have been strategies to develop alternative communication strategies by avoiding the use of elderspeak. Moreover, the beneficial effects of such communications have been documented as it improves the quality of life, reduces aggression, agitation and psychosocial symptoms. The present review discusses the scientific studies discussing the use of elderspeak in communication and development of resistiveness to care in resident patients of dementia.

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Person-Centered Communication for Nursing Home Residents With Dementia: Four Communication Analysis Methods

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Rest-activity rhythms in small scale homelike care and traditional care for residents with dementia

Rest-activity rhythms in small scale homelike care and traditional care for residents with dementia

Ease of use, feasibility and inter‐rater reliability of the refined Cue Utilization and Engagement in Dementia (CUED) mealtime video‐coding scheme

Elderspeak to Resident Dementia Patients Increases Resistiveness to Care in Health Care Profession

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