Persisting Worldwide Seabird-Fishery Competition Despite Seabird Community Decline

Grémillet, David; Ponchon, Aurore; Paleczny, Michelle; Palomares, M.L.D.; Karpouzi, Vasiliki; Pauly, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.051

Cited by 87 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Oceans face a number of threats, including overexploitation, habitat destruction and the introduction of alien species (Halpern et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2018). Fisheries are one of the oldest, most widespread and principal threats to marine ecosystems (Crowder & Norse, 2008;Jennings, Reynolds, & Mills, 1998), and are responsible for the decline of many populations of marine megafauna (seabirds, marine turtles, marine mammals, sharks and rays) through direct competition (Cury et al, 2011;Grémillet et al, 2018), deliberate capture for food (Grémillet, Péron, Provost, & Lescroel, 2015) and incidental capture (bycatch; Lewison et al, 2014;Scales et al, 2018). Furthermore, marine megafauna populations are also exposed to other anthropogenic threats, including climate change (Fuentes et al, 2015;McCauley et al, 2015) and pollution, for example marine pollutants, oil spills and plastics (Rigét, Bignert, Braune, Stow, & Wilson, 2010; Thompson et al, 2004;Votier et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for mapping the distribution of seabirds by integrating tracking, demography and phenology

Carneiro

Pearmain

Oppel

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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The identification of geographic areas where the densities of animals are highest across their annual cycles is a crucial step in conservation planning. In marine environments, however, it can be particularly difficult to map the distribution of species, and the methods used are usually biased towards adults, neglecting the distribution of other life‐history stages even though they can represent a substantial proportion of the total population. Here we develop a methodological framework for estimating population‐level density distributions of seabirds, integrating tracking data across the main life‐history stages (adult breeders and non‐breeders, juveniles and immatures). We incorporate demographic information (adult and juvenile/immature survival, breeding frequency and success, age at first breeding) and phenological data (average timing of breeding and migration) to weight distribution maps according to the proportion of the population represented by each life‐history stage. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by applying it to 22 species of albatrosses and petrels that are of conservation concern due to interactions with fisheries. Because juveniles, immatures and non‐breeding adults account for 47%–81% of all individuals of the populations analysed, ignoring the distributions of birds in these stages leads to biased estimates of overlap with threats, and may misdirect management and conservation efforts. Population‐level distribution maps using only adult distributions underestimated exposure to longline fishing effort by 18%–42%, compared with overlap scores based on data from all life‐history stages. Synthesis and applications. Our framework synthesizes and improves on previous approaches to estimate seabird densities at sea, is applicable for data‐poor situations, and provides a standard and repeatable method that can be easily updated as new tracking and demographic data become available. We provide scripts in the R language and a Shiny app to facilitate future applications of our approach. We recommend that where sufficient tracking data are available, this framework be used to assess overlap of seabirds with at‐sea threats such as overharvesting, fisheries bycatch, shipping, offshore industry and pollutants. Based on such an analysis, conservation interventions could be directed towards areas where they have the greatest impact on populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for mapping the distribution of seabirds by integrating tracking, demography and phenology

Carneiro

Pearmain

Oppel

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…69 Additionally, almost half of all species (47%) have declining population trends (BirdLife International, 70 2018b). Some of the drivers of these declines are threats faced at the colonies, such as invasive alien 71 species (Spatz et al, 2014(Spatz et al, , 2017, whereas others operate at sea, including incidental mortality 72 (bycatch) in fisheries, and overfishing (Žydelis et al, 2009; Anderson et al, 2011; Grémillet et al, 2018). 73 Most previous reviews of threats to seabirds have focused on the causes of declines of specific groups, 74 e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…, and pressures on stocks of currently exploited coastal 433forage-fish species are certain to intensify, to the likely detriment of seabirds(Grémillet et al, 2018). In 434 addition, this problem has the potential to increase with the transition of more fisheries to lower 435 trophic levels(Pauly et al, 1998), especially those targeting mesopelagic species (St. John et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Threats to seabirds: A global assessment

Dias

Martin

Pearmain

et al. 2019

Biological Conservation

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37We present the first objective quantitative assessment of the threats to all 359 species of seabirds, 38 identify the main challenges facing them, and outline priority actions for their conservation. We applied 39 the standardised Threats Classification Scheme developed for the IUCN Red List to objectively assess 40 threats to each species and analysed the data according to global IUCN threat status, taxonomic group, 41and primary foraging habitat (coastal or pelagic). The top three threats to seabirds in terms of number 42 of species affected and average impact are: invasive alien species, affecting 165 species across all the 43 most threatened groups; bycatch in fisheries, affecting fewer species (100) but with the greatest 44 average impact; and climate change/severe weather, affecting 96 species. In addition to impacting 86% 45 of globally threatened species, these three top threats also affect 81% of the species currently classified 46as Near Threatened or as Least Concern but declining. Reversing these three threats would benefit two-47 thirds of all species and c. 380 million individual seabirds (c. 45% of the total global seabird population). 48Most seabirds (c. 70%), especially globally threatened species, face multiple threats. For albatrosses, 49 petrels and penguins in particular (the three most threatened groups of seabirds), it is essential to 50 tackle both terrestrial and marine threats to reverse declines. As the negative effects of climate change 51 are harder to mitigate, it is vital to compensate by addressing other major threats that often affect the 52 same species, such as invasive alien species and bycatch, for which proven solutions exist. 53 54

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“…Food depletion herein is considered to be the adverse consequence of human extractive activities (fisheries) influencing prey availability by direct exploitation with an implicit competition between fisheries and seabirds for forage fish (pelagic fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods) (Furness, 2006;Cury et al, 2011;Grémillet et al, 2018).…”

Section: Overfishing Food Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Directions in Conservation Research on Petrels and Shearwaters

Arcos²,

et al. 2019

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Shearwaters and petrels (hereafter petrels) are highly adapted seabirds that occur across all the world's oceans. Petrels are a threatened seabird group comprising 124 species. They have bet-hedging life histories typified by extended chick rearing periods, low fecundity, high adult survival, strong philopatry, monogamy and long-term mate fidelity and are thus vulnerable to change. Anthropogenic alterations on land and at sea have led to a poor conservation status of many petrels with 52 (42%) threatened

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Persisting Worldwide Seabird-Fishery Competition Despite Seabird Community Decline

Cited by 87 publications

References 25 publications

A framework for mapping the distribution of seabirds by integrating tracking, demography and phenology

A framework for mapping the distribution of seabirds by integrating tracking, demography and phenology

Threats to seabirds: A global assessment

Future Directions in Conservation Research on Petrels and Shearwaters

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