Persisting symptoms after concussion: Considerations for active treatment

Mucha, Anne; Pardini, Jamie E.; Herring, Stanley A.; Murphy, Justin; Elbin, R.J.; Bauer, Russell M.; Schmidt, Julianne D.; Resch, Jacob E.; Broshek, Donna K.

doi:10.1002/pmrj.12931

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 132 publications

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“…Over the last 30 years, sport-related concussion (SRC) has emerged as a significant concern among the medical and sports communities. Although the majority (57%) of athletes diagnosed with an SRC return-to-sport (RTS) within two weeks of their injury [1], clinical measures of persisting cognitive (e.g., increased risk of mild cognitive impairment and memory deficits) [2] and motor deficits (e.g., postural control deficits) [3,4], heightened mood states (e.g., depression) [5,6], as well as other concussion symptoms (e.g., dizziness, excessive sympathetic nervous system activation, headache, and insomnia) [7] have been reported in approximately 15-20% of patients [8]. Increased awareness of persisting symptoms following a diagnosed SRC has led to foundational research on the underlying physiology of the injury to ensure athletes make a safe return-to-sport and to assuage the risk of negative health consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion: Beyond the Cascade

Neumann,

Broshek,

Newman

et al. 2023

Cells

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Sport concussion affects millions of athletes each year at all levels of sport. Increasing evidence demonstrates clinical and physiological recovery are becoming more divergent definitions, as evidenced by several studies examining blood-based biomarkers of inflammation and imaging studies of the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have shown elevated microglial activation in the CNS in active and retired American football players, as well as in active collegiate athletes who were diagnosed with a concussion and returned to sport. These data are supportive of discordance in clinical symptomology and the inflammatory response in the CNS upon symptom resolution. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the understanding of the inflammatory response associated with sport concussion and broader mild traumatic brain injury, as well as provide an outlook for important research questions to better align clinical and physiological recovery.

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