Persistent symptoms after COVID-19 in children and adolescents from Argentina

Seery, Vanesa; Raiden, Silvina; Borda, Mauricio; Herrera, Largión; Uranga, Macarena; Pont, María Marcó del; Chirino, Carina; Erramuspe, Constanza; Alvarez, Laura Silvana; Lenoir, Melisa; Morales, Laura Daniela; Davenport, Carolina; Auchter, Soledad Huespe; Monsalvo, Liliana; Sastoque, Laura; Gavazzi, Magalí; Russo, Constanza; Sananez, Inés; Pando, María A.; Laufer, Natalia; Muiños, Roberto; Ferrero, Fernando; Geffner, Jorge; Arruvito, Lourdes

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.031

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On the other hand, among more than 600 children and adolescents previously hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Argentina, risk factors for long COVID, with headache, cough, and fatigue comprising the most common symptoms, included older age apart from symptomatic infection and comorbidities, including diabetes [37]. In an Italian cohort of 428 patients, assessed 4-12 weeks after hospital discharge, it was found that female sex and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were the main risk factors for post-COVID manifestations, among which chronic dyspnoea and fatigue were the most common [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course of fatigue among patients previously hospitalised due to COVID-19

Mazurkiewicz

Chatys-Bogacka

Słowik

et al. 2023

Neurol Neurochir Pol.

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Introduction. Discrepancies exist regarding the clinical course and prognostic factors for post-COVID fatigue. Therefore, our aim was to assess the timely course of fatigue and its possible predictors in patients previously hospitalised due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Material and methods.Patients and employees of the University Hospital in Krakow were assessed with the use of a validated neuropsychological questionnaire. Included were participants aged 18 or more, previously hospitalised due to COVID-19, who completed questionnaires only once > 3 months after the onset of infection. Individuals were retrospectively asked about the presence of eight symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome at four timepoints: before COVID-19, within 0-4 weeks, 4-12 weeks, and > 12 weeks post-infection.Results. We enrolled 204 patients [40.2% women, median age 58 (46-66) years] evaluated after a median of 187 (156-220) days from the first positive nasal swab test for SARS-CoV-2. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (44.61%), obesity (36.27%), smoking (28.43%), and hypercholesterolemia (21.08%); none of the patients required mechanical ventilation during hospitalisation. Before COVID-19, 43.62% of patients reported at least one symptom of chronic fatigue. Within 4, 4-12, and > 12 weeks after COVID-19, the prevalence of chronic fatigue was 76.96%, 75.49%, and 66.17%, respectively (all p < 0.001). The frequency of chronic fatigue symptoms decreased within > 12 weeks following the onset of infection but did not return to baseline values, except for self-reported lymph node enlargement. In a multivariable linear regression model, the number of fatigue symptoms was predicted by female sex [β 0.25 (0.12; 0.39), p < 0.001 and 0.26 (0.13; 0.39), p < 0.001 for weeks 0-12 and > 12, respectively], and age [for < 4 weeks, β -0.12 (-0.28; -0.01), p = 0.029]. Conclusions.Most patients previously hospitalised due to COVID-19 suffer from fatigue > 12 weeks after infection onset. The presence of fatigue is predicted by female sex and -only for the acute phase -age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Course of fatigue among patients previously hospitalised due to COVID-19

Mazurkiewicz

Chatys-Bogacka

Słowik

et al. 2023

Neurol Neurochir Pol.

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“…Entre os 28 artigos selecionados, 10 mostraram a diarreia como um sistema persistente no pós-COVID-19. Krishnadath 33 (0%), Fink 35 (0%), Darcis 26 (2%), Gérard 22 (4%), Seery 10 (4%), Meije 28 (6%) e Horwitz 25 (8%) relataram a menor incidência deste sintoma nos pacientes estudados. No estudo de Krishnadath 33 nenhum paciente teve desordem gastrointestinal no pós-COVID, contudo, na fase aguda 24 participantes relataram esse sintoma.…”

Section: Diarreiaunclassified

“…(7%), Fung8 (7%) e Seery10 (9%) tiveram as menores incidências. Romero-Duarte27 incluiu 969 pacientes hospitalizados com covid-19 confirmado por PCR.…”

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Uma revisão da Covid longa: sintomas

Gomes,

Macedo,

Santos

et al. 2024

Braz. J. Hea. Rev.

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Coronavírus (CoVs) estão envolvidos em grandes surtos mundiais. Quando há instalação de COVID-19, os indivíduos estão suscetíveis a vários graus de gravidade. Após a resolução da doença, pacientes passaram a relatar a persistência de sintomas, “COVID-19 longo” foi designado à situação, que descreve sinais e sintomas que continuam ou desenvolvem após a COVID-19 aguda. O objetivo desta revisão foi realizar uma pesquisa sistemática sobre os sintomas mais associados ao COVID-longo. A busca de artigos foi feita via PubMed/MEDLINE, Lilacs e SciELO, sendo selecionados independentemente por dois revisores na plataforma Rayyan. A qualidade metodológica e o risco de viés foram avaliados com a Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Diante dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 63 artigos foram para a análise qualitativa, sendo que 28 desses artigos foram utilizados para a construção do estudo. Os sintomas analisados foram: dispneia, disfunção olfatória, fadiga, tosse, mialgia, disfunção gustativa, cefaleia, dor no peito e diarreia. Dispneia foi relatada em 22 artigos, disfunção olfatória foi abordada em 19 estudos, fadiga é citada em 18 artigos, tosse é abordada em 18 estudos, mialgia foi descrita em 17 artigos, disfunção gustativa esteve presente em 15 artigos, cefaleia em 13 análises, dor no peito em 11, e diarreia esteve em 10 dos estudos. A inflamação persistente foi o mecanismo patológico associado às sequelas, visto que existem anormalidades imunológicas, presentes em até 8 meses após a infecção, que se relacionam com o desenvolvimento dos sintomas do COVID-19 longo. Com essa análise, o reconhecimento e a abordagem desses sintomas tornam-se necessárias para o cuidado com o paciente.

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“…The pathological mechanism for the sex-related predisposition to long COVID remains unknown [ 105 ]. Older age, comorbidities, and symptomatic infection were shown to be risk factors for long COVID in children [ 106 ].…”

Section: Long Covid In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[90,91,97] Older age, comorbidities, and symptomatic infection are risk factors for long COVID in children. [106] Prevention and Treatment Strategies of Long COVID For now, prevention of long COVID is based primarily on avoiding SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection, principally by adopting a number of non-pharmaceutical measures, such as wearing well-fitting masks, social distancing, air ventilation of indoor spaces, and hand hygiene. Vaccination also seems to reduce the risk of long COVID.…”

Section: Reinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections and Long COVID in the Post-Omicron Phase of the Pandemic

Boufidou,

Medić,

Lampropoulou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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We are reviewing the current state of knowledge on the virological and immunological correlates of long COVID, focusing on recent evidence for the possible association between the increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and the parallel pandemic of long COVID. The severity of reinfections largely depends on the severity of the initial episode; in turn, this is determined both by a combination of genetic factors, particularly related to the innate immune response, and by the pathogenicity of the specific variant, especially its ability to infect and induce syncytia formation at the lower respiratory tract. The cumulative risk of long COVID as well as of various cardiac, pulmonary, or neurological complications increases proportionally to the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, primarily in the elderly. Therefore, the number of long COVID cases is expected to remain high in the future. Reinfections apparently increase the likelihood of long COVID, but less so if they are mild or asymptomatic as in children and adolescents. Strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 reinfections are urgently needed, primarily among older adults who have a higher burden of comorbidities. Follow-up studies using an established case definition and precise diagnostic criteria of long COVID in people with or without reinfection may further elucidate the contribution of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections to the long COVID burden. Although accumulating evidence supports vaccination, both before and after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, as a preventive strategy to reduce the risk of long COVID, more robust comparative observational studies, including randomized trials, are needed to provide conclusive evidence of the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing or mitigating long COVID in all age groups. Thankfully, answers not only on the prevention, but also on treatment options and rates of recovery from long COVID are gradually starting to emerge.

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Persistent symptoms after COVID-19 in children and adolescents from Argentina

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Course of fatigue among patients previously hospitalised due to COVID-19

Course of fatigue among patients previously hospitalised due to COVID-19

Uma revisão da Covid longa: sintomas

SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections and Long COVID in the Post-Omicron Phase of the Pandemic

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