Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene

Bond, Gérard C.; Kromer, Bernd; Beer, J.; Muscheler, Raimund; Evans, M. N.; Showers, William J.; Hoffmann, S. S.; Lotti-Bond, Rusty; Hajdas, Irka; Bonani, Georges

doi:10.1126/science.1065680

Cited by 2,969 publications

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“…It has been proposed that the MCA-LIA interval was the most recent in a series of near-synchronous, solar-driven, 1500-year Holocene climate oscillations recognized in subpolar ice-rafted debris (IRD) records (e.g., Bond et al, 2001). Similarly, Chinese speleothem isotope records showing six Holocene shifts in the intensity of the East Asian Monsoon that are correlative with the North Atlantic IRD pulses, implying a common forcing mechanism such as solar irradiance (Wang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medieval climate was also characterized by hydrometeorological variability across North America (Cook et al, 2007) and Eurasia (Treydte et al, 2006). Solar and volcanic activity (Crowley, 2000;Ammann et al, 2007), solar-oceanic feedbacks (Bond et al, 2001), ocean circulation (Broecker, 2001), Pacific Ocean-atmospheric processes (Cook et al, 2007), and land-use changes Ruddiman, 2007) have all been proposed as factors influencing MCA-LIA climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean

Cronin¹,

Hayo²,

Thunell³

et al. 2010

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean

Cronin¹,

Hayo²,

Thunell³

et al. 2010

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…A regular sequence of millennial-scale oscillations, some 1000-to 3000-yr long, recognized from indicators of surface water properties of late Pleistocene and Holocene age in the North Atlantic were also detected in MIS 5 in the subtropical northwestern Atlantic, including substage MIS 5d (Oppo et al, 2001) and MIS 5e (Bond et al, 2001).…”

Section: Surface Ocean Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Last Interglacial Climates

Kukla¹,

et al. 2002

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The last interglacial, commonly understood as an interval with climate as warm or warmer than today, is represented by marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e, which is a proxy record of low global ice volume and high sea level. It is arbitrarily dated to begin at approximately 130,000 yr B.P. and end at 116,000 yr B.P. with the onset of the early glacial unit MIS 5d. The age of the stage is determined by correlation to uranium-thorium dates of raised coral reefs. The most detailed proxy record of interglacial climate is found in the Vostok ice core where the temperature reached current levels 132,000 yr ago and continued rising for another two millennia. Approximately 127,000 yr ago the Eemian mixed forests were established in Europe. They developed through a characteristic succession of tree species, probably surviving well into the early glacial stage in southern parts of Europe.

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“…Solar activity has been shown to influence key components of the climate system, such as temperature, winds, precipitation, ocean circulation and iceberg transport (e.g. Verschuren et al, 2000;Bond et al, 2001;Hodell et al, 2001;Andrews et al, 2003;Jiang et al, 2005;Sejrup et al, 2010;Martin-Puertas et al, 2012;Knudsen et al, 2014;MoffaSanchez et al, 2014a;Jiang et al, 2015). However, only a few studies have investigated the link between variations in sea-ice proxies from the North Atlantic and solar variability on multidecadal to centennial time scales (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar forcing as an important trigger for West Greenland sea-ice variability over the last millennium

Sha

Jiang

Seidenkrantz

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tArctic sea ice represents an important component of the climate system, and the present reduction of sea ice in the Arctic is of major concern. Despite its importance, little is known about past changes in sea-ice cover and the underlying forcing mechanisms. Here, we use diatom assemblages from a marine sediment core collected from the West Greenland shelf to reconstruct changes in sea-ice cover over the last millennium. The proxy-based reconstruction demonstrates a generally strong link between changes in sea-ice cover and solar variability during the last millennium. Weaker (or stronger) solar forcing may result in the increase (or decrease) in sea-ice cover west of Greenland. In addition, model simulations show that variations in solar activity not only affect local sea-ice formation, but also control the sea-ice transport from the Arctic Ocean through a sea-iceeoceaneatmosphere feedback mechanism. The role of solar forcing, however, appears to have been more ambiguous during an interval around AD 1500, after the transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age, likely to be driven by a range of factors.

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Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene

Cited by 2,969 publications

References 57 publications

The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean

The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean

Last Interglacial Climates

Solar forcing as an important trigger for West Greenland sea-ice variability over the last millennium

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