Persistent QEEG Abnormality in Crack Cocaine Users at 6 Months of Drug Abstinence

Alper, Kenneth; Ls, Prichep; Kowalik, Sharon; Ms, Rosenthal; Er, John

doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(97)00211-x

Cited by 55 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…For example, studies reported an increase in delta and theta band oscillation after MA abstinence (27) and caffeine withdrawal (28). Abstinence from co-caine showed a reduction in slow-wave coherence between brain inter-hemispheres (29,30). In this study, we also found a decrease in the coherence of slow waves, which was contrary to theoretical expectations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Resting-State Electroencephalographic Coherence in Recently Abstinent Methamphetamine Users

Shafiee-Kandjani

Jahan

Moghadam-Salimi

et al. 2020

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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Background: Long-term use of Methamphetamine (MA) can impose some deficits by its toxicity on the brain structure and function. It can also alter brain electrical activity and cortico-cortical neural connections. The coherence index of electroencephalography reflects the temporal integration of electrical oscillations between different sites of the brain and could be affected by the chronic use of MA. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) coherence as an index of brain connectivity between methamphetamine users and healthy people. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 18 patients with methamphetamine abstinence and 18 healthy people with no history of psychiatric illness were evaluated. Electroencephalography was recorded during eyes-open and eyes-closed states for each group, and then, the analysis for coherence between different twin electrodes was performed. The evaluation was done on occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes. Repeated-measures ANOVA and t-test were conducted for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: Coherence differences in frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes were not significant while coherence was significantly different in parietal lobes between the groups (P = 0.03), so that a decrease in C3-CZ electrode coherence in both delta and theta bands in methamphetamine users was significant (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: It was revealed that brain coherence could be changed after the chronic use of MA, especially in slow waves. This could be an indicator of structural and functional damage in the neuronal population and show less regional integration in cortical areas in MA users, possibly due to substance toxicity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Resting-State Electroencephalographic Coherence in Recently Abstinent Methamphetamine Users

Shafiee-Kandjani

Jahan

Moghadam-Salimi

et al. 2020

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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“…The theta findings are similar to other published studies. 20,24,25,27 The finding of decreased beta power appears inconsistent with prior findings from this laboratory 28,30 and others showing increased beta power among cocaine users. 26 This may be due to different analytic techniques or to differences in subject gender, alcohol use, or prevalence of anti-social personality disorder or family history of alcoholism, all of which have been associated with changes in beta power.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

EEG and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity Abnormalities in Chronic Cocaine Users

et al. 2009

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EEG and cerebral blood flow abnormalities have been documented in chronic cocaine abusers. To identify possible relationships between EEG and blood flow changes and their relationship to the intensity of cocaine use, we recorded the resting eyes-closed EEG and anterior (ACA) and middle (MCA) cerebral artery blood flow velocity during systole (VS) and diastole (VD) by transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography of 99 (76 male, 23 female; mean [SD] age 34.3 [5.2] years, 8.6 [5.5] years of cocaine use, 17.8 [7.7] days of cocaine use in month prior to screening) cocaine users within 5 days of admission to a closed research unit. Forty-two non-drug-using, age-matched control subjects (22 male, 20 female) were tested as outpatients. A 3-minute period of resting EEG was recorded from 16 standard scalp electrodes. Artifact-free EEG was converted to six frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1 and beta2) using a Fast Fourier Transform. Pulsatility index (PI) was calculated as a measure of small vessel resistance. Cocaine users had decreased VD and increased PI in the MCA, with no difference in VS, and reduced EEG theta, beta1 and beta2 absolute power in posterior brain regions. Recent cocaine use was positively associated with MCA PI (r = 0.27, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with low frequency EEG power (delta power: r = −0.25, p < 0.002; theta power: r = −0.29, p< 0.001). EEG beta1 (r = −0.211, p < 0.05) and beta2 (r = −0.176, p < 0.05) power measures were correlated with PI. These observations suggest that EEG and TCD changes reflect related physiological processes during early cocaine abstinence.

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“…Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) as a kind of brain mapping technique can characterize some of these abnormalities (Newton et al 2003). The spontaneous EEG activity of substance and opiate dependence patients is characterized by alterations mainly within the alpha, theta and beta bands (Alper et al 1998; Sokhadze et al 2008), which may be the result of prolonged substance use itself (Ardila et al 1991; Marchesi et al 1992; O’Mahony and Doherty 1996). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurofeedback Training for Opiate Addiction: Improvement of Mental Health and Craving

Dehghani-Arani¹,

Rostami²,

Nadali

2013

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback

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Psychological improvements in patients with substance use disorders have been reported after neurofeedback treatment. However, neurofeedback has not been commonly accepted as a treatment for substance dependence. This study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of this therapeutic method for opiate dependence disorder. The specific aim was to investigate whether treatment leads to any changes in mental health and substance craving. In this experimental study with a pre-post test design, 20 opiate dependent patients undergoing Methadone or Buprenorphine maintenance treatment were examined and matched and randomized into two groups. While both experimental and control groups received their usual maintenance treatment, the experimental group received 30 sessions of neurofeedback treatment in addition. The neurofeedback treatment consisted of sensory motor rhythm training on Cz, followed by an alpha-theta protocol on Pz. Data from the general health questionnaire and a heroin craving questionnaire were collected before and after treatment. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the experimental group achieved improvement in somatic symptoms, depression, and total score in general mental health; and in anticipation of positive outcome, desire to use opioid, and relief from withdrawal of craving in comparison with the control group. The study supports the effectiveness of neurofeedback training as a therapeutic method in opiate dependence disorder, in supplement to pharmacotherapy.

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Persistent QEEG Abnormality in Crack Cocaine Users at 6 Months of Drug Abstinence

Cited by 55 publications

References 54 publications

Resting-State Electroencephalographic Coherence in Recently Abstinent Methamphetamine Users

Resting-State Electroencephalographic Coherence in Recently Abstinent Methamphetamine Users

EEG and Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity Abnormalities in Chronic Cocaine Users

Neurofeedback Training for Opiate Addiction: Improvement of Mental Health and Craving

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