Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Some Selected Cocoa Beverages in Nigeria

Ibigbami, Olayinka Abidemi; Adebawore, Adefusisoye Adegalu

doi:10.3390/beverages3040060

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The levels of p, pʹ DDT in the cocoa samples in this study were comparable to 0.040-0.440 mg/kg and 0.010-0.110 mg/kg reported by Aikpokpodion [29] and Bempah et al, [30] respectively. Also, similar values (0.03-0.118 mg/kg) has been reported in cocoa beverages in Nigeria [26].…”

Section: Endosulfan I Endosulfan Ii and Endosulfan Sulphatesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The concentrations of endosulfan I and II in some of the cocoa samples analysed were lower than ND-0.120 mg/kg and 0.040-0.110 mg/kg reported by Boakye [19] for endosulfan I and II respectively. However, the values in this study were higher than ND-0.256 mg/kg reported for endosulfan I and II in cocoa beverages in Nigeria [26]. Endosulfan I, endosulfan II and endosulfan sulphate were detected in 100%, 75% and 45% of soil samples from Oluji 1 and 2, respectively.…”

Section: Endosulfan I Endosulfan Ii and Endosulfan Sulphatecontrasting

confidence: 79%

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Multi-residue Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cacao) and Soils from Ondo, Nigeria

Ihedioha

Ejalonibu²,

Ekere³

2020

Pak J Anal Environ Chem

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Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues were determined in a total of 160 samples comprising of cocoa beans and soil collected from four major cocoa farms in Ondo, Nigeria. The residues were extracted with dichloromethane, cleaned up by column chromatography and analysed with Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). In the analysed cocoa samples, endrin and endosulfan I had the highest incidence of occurrence of 93% and 89%, respectively while lindane and heptachlor had the least occurrence of 19%. High incidences of occurrence in the soil samples were observed in endrin (93%) and endosulfan I (94%) while the least occurrence was α-HCH (13%). The total residual concentrations of the OCPs were higher in the cocoa samples compared to the soil samples. The mean residual levels of HCHs (α, β, δ) aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and endosulfan I and cis-permethrin in the cocoa samples were above Maximum Residual Limits (MRL) established by WHO/FAO while aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfans in the soil sample analysed were above MRL established by Netherlands. Bioaccumulation factor > 1 was recorded in most of the cocoa samples from the different farms especially for endrin, dieldrin, endosulfan I and trans-permethrin. This gives cause for concern considering the adverse health hazards pose by these pesticides.

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Section: Endosulfan I Endosulfan Ii and Endosulfan Sulphatesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Endosulfan I Endosulfan Ii and Endosulfan Sulphatecontrasting

confidence: 79%

Multi-residue Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cacao) and Soils from Ondo, Nigeria

Ihedioha

Ejalonibu²,

Ekere³

2020

Pak J Anal Environ Chem

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“…The cyclodienes (heptachlor, Aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan II) were detected to have a concentration range of (ND-0.256 mg/kg). In this study, the dichlorophenylethanes and cyclodienes are seen to be far greater than the results Ibigbami and Adeboware [37] reported with values ranging from (ND-0.25 mg/kg) and (ND-1.27 mg/kg).…”

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Residuescontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…The order goes thus, MLT < HIM < MAG < DUB < AMS. Analysis of seven cocoa-based beverages in Nigeria for Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Residues was carried out by Ibigbami and Adeboware [37]. Fourteen (14) samples, two samples for each brand of cocoa beverage, were purchased at a Supermarket in Ado-Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria, and the selection was based on the availability of the samples at the point of purchase.…”

Section: Organochlorine Pesticides Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCPs) Residues and Trace Metals in Some Selected Malt Drinks in Nigeria

Olutona

Livingstone

2018

Beverages

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In this study we evaluated the trace metals and toxic residues of pesticides in commercial malta drinks sold in Nigeria markets. Residual concentrations of seventeen (17) chlorinated hydrocarbons and trace metals were determined in fifteen samples of three batches each of five selected brands of Malta drink sold in Nigeria markets. Gas Chromatograph-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) were employed in quantitative analysis. The results revealed that all the malt drink analyzed have one or more OCPs detected. The presence of eleven (11) OCPs residue were detected at varying concentrations. The total burden of OCPs in the samples was in the following order: AMS > DUB > MAG > HIM > MLT. Trace metals results revealed that Cd was below detection limit in all the samples while Pb; Ni and Cr were above World Health Organization and United State Environmental Protection Agency (WHO/USEPA) limits for drinking water.

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“…these concentrations were found to be relatively higher than the recommended 0.01 µg L -1 MRLs in drinking water [18]. Similar studies carried out in Ogbese river in Ekiti showed lower concentration of this OCPs congeners [28]. However, Ogbeide et al [29] detected higher levels than that reported in this study for HCBs and DDTs in sediments from 3 water bodies (Illushi, Ogbese, and Owan River) situated in Niger Delta, Nigeria.…”

Section: Concentrations (µG L -1 ) Of Chlorinated Benzene In the Grou...supporting

confidence: 60%

Distribution, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Drinking Groundwater

2022

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Groundwater samples of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria were investigated for their organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) levels. Probable sources of the OCPs and health risks associated with their consumption along with the water were determined in order to establish the potability of the groundwater samples. Quantitative determination of the OCPs was carried out by Gas Chromatography coupled with ElectronCapture Detector (GC-ECD) after liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane (DCM). Results indicated that all the analyzed OCPs except p,p'-dichlorodiphenylethane were detected with high concentrations in the groundwater. Heptachlor (14.60±3.60 µg L-1) and methoxychlor (12.60±2.20 µg L-1) showed dominant concentrations that were higher than 0.02 ng L-1 maximum residue levels (MRLs) recommended by the European Union. Levels of the OCPs in the samples followed the decreasing trend: cyclodienes > diclorophehylethanes > chlorinated cyclohexanes, while the predominant source of the analyzed pesticides could be ascribed to aerial transportation from fresh applications in homes within the community. The carcinogenic health risk assessment also revealed consistent higher values of HQ and CR in children as opposed to adults, indicating that children are the more vulnerable population to the analyzed environmental contaminants.

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Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Some Selected Cocoa Beverages in Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Multi-residue Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cacao) and Soils from Ondo, Nigeria

Multi-residue Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Cocoa Beans (Theobroma cacao) and Soils from Ondo, Nigeria

Detection of Organochlorine Pesticide (OCPs) Residues and Trace Metals in Some Selected Malt Drinks in Nigeria

Distribution, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Drinking Groundwater

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