Persistent Neurotoxicity From a Battery Fire: Is Cadmium the Culprit?

Kilburn, Kaye H.; McKinley, Kevin L.

doi:10.1097/00007611-199607000-00009

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…There is substantial evidence that implicates associations of impaired balance (Bhattacharya et al 1990, 1995, 2006, 2007; Chia et al 1994, 1996; Després et al 2005; Dick et al 1999; Iwata et al 2005; Kilburn and McKinley 1996; Linz et al 1992; Ratzon et al 2000; Viaene et al 2000; Yokoyama et al 1997, 2002), hearing loss (Agirdir et al 2002; Bertoni and Sprenkle 1988; Bleecker et al 2003; de Abreu and Suzuki 2002; Forst et al 1997; Hwang et al 2009; Lasky et al 2001; Ozcaglar et al 2001; Yokoyama et al 2002), and alterations in auditory evoked potential (Araki et al 1986; Bleecker et al 2003; Murata et al 1993) with exposure to lead and cadmium. However, it is not known whether exposure to lead and cadmium induces vestibular dysfunction specifically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lead and Cadmium Levels and Balance and Vestibular Dysfunction among Adult Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004

Min

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2012

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Few studies have been conducted to identify risk factors for balance and vestibular dysfunction in general populations, but previous studies have reported evidence of adverse effects of lead and cadmium on balance control in high-risk groups.Objective: We evaluated the relationship between blood lead and cadmium levels and balance and vestibular dysfunction in a general population study.Methods: We analyzed data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 5,574 adults ≥ 40 years of age. Balance dysfunction was evaluated by the Romberg Test of Standing Balance on Firm and Compliant Support Surfaces, which examines the ability to stand unassisted using four test conditions to evaluate vestibular system, vision, and proprioception inputs that contribute to balance. Blood levels of lead and cadmium were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Associations were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Associations with time to loss of balance were estimated using adjusted Cox proportional hazard models.Results: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for balance dysfunction in association with the highest quintile (3.3–48 µg/dL) versus the lowest quintile (< 1.2 µg/dL) of lead was 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07, 1.89]. The corresponding OR for cadmium (0.9–7.4 µg/L vs. < 0.2 µg/L) was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.60). The adjusted hazard ratio for time to failure for the most physiologically challenging balance test among subjects with the highest vs. lowest quintiles of blood lead was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.48). Cadmium levels were not associated with time to failure.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that blood lead and cadmium levels may be associated with balance and vestibular dysfunction in a general sample of U.S. adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impaired postural stability also has been associated with blood lead concentrations in children (Bhattacharya et al 1990, 1995, 2006, 2007; Després et al 2005). However, relatively few studies have evaluated associations between cadmium exposure and balance disturbance (Kilburn and McKinley 1996; Viaene et al 2000). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead and Cadmium Levels and Balance and Vestibular Dysfunction among Adult Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004

Min

Lee²,

Park³

et al. 2012

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Bismuth-laden gauze from wound packing caused bismuth levels to increase, and health improved after gauze removal, but overall evidence is poor Kilburn, 1996 [201] North America N=2 males aged 38 and 43 (Adults) Cadmium, nickel, arsenic, lead, mercury, thallium, polyvinyl chloride (fire in a train nickel-cadmium battery box, self-report and urinary measure of metals)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is exposure to chemical pollutants associated with sleep outcomes? A systematic review

Wallace

Gallagher

Peterson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Sleep disruption is a public health concern and environmental exposures that influence the biological processes underpinning sleep may contribute to impaired sleep health. However, the contributions of environmental chemical pollutants to sleep health have not been systematically investigated. Objectives: This systematic literature review sought to identify, evaluate, summarize, and synthesize the existing evidence between environmental chemical pollutant exposure and dimensions of sleep health in humans. We sought to evaluate potential mechanisms underlying exposure-outcome relationships and recommend areas for future research. Methods: Databases were searched for peer-reviewed published research on chemical environmental pollutants and sleep health and disorders with no date restriction up to the last search date of April 2021 (registered protocol PROSPERO # CRD42021256918), resulting in 9,918 records. Two reviewers independently screened identified records against inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted study information, and performed risk of bias assessments. Results: We identified 204 studies of exposure to air pollution, exposures related to the Gulf War and other conflicts, endocrine disruptors, metals, pesticides, and solvents with dimensions of sleep health (architecture, duration, quality, timing) and sleep disorders (sleeping pill use, insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing) for inclusion in this review. Metals were the most frequently evaluated pollutants, while sleep maintenance/insomnia and quality were the most reported sleep outcomes. Synthesis of the evidence suggests mechanisms related to cholinergic signaling, neurotransmission, and inflammation as the most shared pathways. Discussion: Evidence indicates that exposure to particulate matter, secondhand smoke, dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, lead, mercury, pesticides, solvents, and exposures related to the Gulf War are associated with worse sleep health and disorders. Chemical pollutants are likely key environmental determinants of sleep health and disorders; thus, there is a need to improve measurement of pollutants and sleep, study rigor, and determine the populations most vulnerable to the effects of exposure.

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“…There is a case report of a 54 year old pipefitter with a demyelinating polyneuropathy which might be related to occupational exposure to Cd 4. A case report on acute exposure of two train conductors due to fighting a fire in a nickel-cadmium battery box on a passenger train, reported persistent neurophysiological and neurobehavioural abnormalities 6 and 12 months after the accident 5. Another case report described symptoms of polyneuropathy in patients exposed to Cd,26 and two cross sectional studies in active workers exposed to Cd showed evidence of a dose-dependent increase in risk of polyneuropathy 6…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioural effects of occupational exposure to cadmium: a cross sectional epidemiological study

2000

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Background-A patient with unexplained minor behavioural changes associated with an axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy had a history of chronic occupational exposure to cadmium (Cd). Although animal studies have shown that Cd is a potent neurotoxicant, little is known about its toxicity for the human central nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic potential of chronic occupational exposure to Cd on neurobehavioural functions. Methods-A cross sectional epidemiological study was conducted in a group of Cd workers and an age matched control group. Eighty nine adult men (42 exposed to Cd and 47 control workers) were given a blinded standardised examination that consisted of computer assisted neurobehavioural tests (neurobehavioural examination system), a validated questionnaire to assess neurotoxic complaints (neurotoxicity symptom checklist-60, NSC-60), and a standardised self administered questionnaire to detect complaints consistent with peripheral neuropathy and dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Historical and current data on biomonitoring of exposure to Cd, either the highest value of Cd in urine (CdU in µg Cd/g creatinine) of each Cd worker during work (CdU max ) or the current value (CdUcurrent ) of each control, were available as well as data on microproteinuria.

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Persistent Neurotoxicity From a Battery Fire: Is Cadmium the Culprit?

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Lead and Cadmium Levels and Balance and Vestibular Dysfunction among Adult Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004

Lead and Cadmium Levels and Balance and Vestibular Dysfunction among Adult Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004

Is exposure to chemical pollutants associated with sleep outcomes? A systematic review

Neurobehavioural effects of occupational exposure to cadmium: a cross sectional epidemiological study

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