Persistent left superior vena cava in association with sinus venosus defect type of atrial septal defect and partial pulmonary venous return on 64-MDCT

Disha, Bansal; Prakashini, K; Shetty, Ranjan

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-202999

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The SVASD type affects about 4% to 11% of all ASDs associated with the persistent left SVC. 29 In the present study, the persistent left SVC was more frequent in patients with the SVASD. Evaluating the abnormalities of the interatrial septum and anomalies concomitant with ASD requires multimodality assessments including TTE, TEE, intracranial ultrasound, and ultimately 3D imaging.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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The Presence of Patent Foramen Ovale in the Superior Type of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect

Samiei

Akiash

Naeini

et al. 2020

JTHC

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Background: The superior type of sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) is a rare form of the atrial septal defect (ASD) in which the upper part of the atrial septum does not exist. The presence of other cardiac anomalies such as anomalous pulmonary venous connections has been reported in this type of congenital heart disease. This study aimed to assess the presence of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with the superior type of SVASD. Methods: This retrospective case-control study on 387 patients, consisting of 187 patients with a definite SVASD and 200 patients with problems other than the ASD, was conducted in Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center between February 2005 and July 2014. Seven patients with inadequate data were excluded from the analysis. The presence/absence of the PFO was also evaluated in the case and control groups. Results: The analyses were performed on 182 male and 198 female patients at a mean age of 39.07±14.41 and 51.01±15.80 years in the case and control groups, respectively. The PFO was significantly more frequent in the patients with the superior type of SVASD than in those without the condition (P<0.001). The persistence of the left superior vena cava was seen in 34 out of 180 patients with SVASD and in 1 out of 200 patients without the condition (18.9% vs 0.5%; P<0.001). Conclusion: This study was the first to highlight the coexistence of the PFO and the superior type of SVASD. Physiological, genetic, or fetal factors may play an important role in the association between the PFO and the SVASD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The persistent left SVC is the most common thoracic venous anomaly 29 , 30 with an incidence rate of 0.3% to 0.5% in the general population and 3% to 10% in patients with congenital heart diseases. 31 , 32 The condition is caused by a failure in the regression of the left anterior cardinal vein during cardiac development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Patent Foramen Ovale in the Superior Type of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect

Samiei

Akiash

Naeini

et al. 2020

JTHC

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“…However, the presence of LSVC can also be identified by catheterization via the right upper limb vein, if the catheter tip passed through the RA appears in the left superior mediastinum. Studies have reported that diagnosis of UCSS was more likely by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 6–8 . In recent years, several cases of TTE diagnosis errors have been reported, which were subsequently correctly diagnosed as UCSS by TEE, multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), or MRI 9–11 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical management of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome: A 20‐year‐single‐center experience

et al. 2020

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Background: Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome (UCSS) is rare and often associated with the left superior vena cava (LSVC). We report our experience of the clinical features, diagnosis, associated anomalies, surgical procedures, and late outcomes of UCSS during a 20-year period. Methods: One hundred and fifty-nine patients with UCSS were treated surgically and followed up between May 1998 and May 2019. UCSS was confirmed by preoperative echocardiography or computerized tomography (CT) scan in 97 patients and by the surgeons intraoperatively in 62 cases, and 100 cases were associated with LSVC. Among these patients, eight cases underwent ligation, and the intracardiac tunnel or baffle was reconstructed in 71 cases to ensure drainage of the LSVC into the right atrium (RA), and the extracardiac procedure was to lead the LSVC into the RA in three patients. Coronary sinus opening was diverted to the RA by the atrial septal patch in three cases. Thirteen patients underwent the reroof procedures, and two patients had untreated LSVC. The associated cardiac lesions were corrected concomitantly. Results: There were five in-hospital deaths. Follow-up of 143 patients of early survivors was done, and no deaths were reported. No serious complications were observed, with the exception of avulsion of the internal tunnel patch in one patient. Conclusion: UCSS is often misdiagnosed during preoperative evaluation of congenital heart diseases. Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography remains the most important method in the diagnosis of UCSS. We adopted multiple surgical approaches to manage the different types of UCSS with LSVC with good results. K E Y W O R D S cardiac surgical procedures, congenital heart disease, echocardiography, left superior vena cava, unroofed coronary sinus 1 | INTRODUCTION Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome (UCSS) is a group of rare, complex cardiac malformations, which refers to the partial or complete defect of the coronary sinus (CS) septum, which leads to a direct communication between the CS and the left atrium (LA). UCSS is often associated with the left superior vena cava (LSVC; 80%-90%), with an overall incidence of approximately 0.3%-0.5%, and that in congenital heart diseases of approximately 3%-10%. 1 Preoperative diagnosis of UCSS was considered challenging due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and examination methods. We treated 68,740 patients with congenital heart diseases from May 1998 to

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“…Cardiac catheterization examination via the left upper limb venous catheterization was easy to find LSVC; if catheterization via the right upper limb vein and catheter tip through the right atrium and then appeared in the left superior mediastinum, it also suggested the presence of LSVC. It was reported that it was more likely to diagnose UCSS using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), real-time threedimensional echocardiography, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [6][7][8]. In recent years, several cases of TTE diagnosis errors have been reported, which have been diagnosed as UCSS by TEE, MDCT or MRI [9][10][11].…”

Section: Preoperative Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Management of Unroofed Coronary Sinus Syndrome: A 20-Year-Single-Center Experience In 159 Patients

et al.

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Persistent left superior vena cava in association with sinus venosus defect type of atrial septal defect and partial pulmonary venous return on 64-MDCT

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

The Presence of Patent Foramen Ovale in the Superior Type of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect

The Presence of Patent Foramen Ovale in the Superior Type of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect

Surgical management of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome: A 20‐year‐single‐center experience

Surgical Management of Unroofed Coronary Sinus Syndrome: A 20-Year-Single-Center Experience In 159 Patients

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