Persistent infection with bovine herpesvirus-1: a rabbit model

Rock, Daniel L.

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-5379

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…BHV-1 DNA was not detected in TG of latently infected calves by in situ hybridization, which is consistent with other studies (4,15,23,26). Thus, it was expected that in situ hybridization would not detect viral DNA in tonsils of latently FIG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Persistence and Reactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in the Tonsils of Latently Infected Calves

Winkler

Doster

Jones

2000

J Virol

147

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Following dexamethasone treatment, viral nucleic acid was detected simultaneously in trigeminal ganglionic neurons and lymphoid follicles of tonsil. LRT was detected at 6 and 24 h after dexamethasone treatment but not at 48 h. Dexamethasone-induced reactivation led to apoptosis that was localized to tonsillar lymphoid follicles. Taken together, these findings suggest that the tonsil is a site for persistence or latency from which virus can be reactivated by dexamethasone. We further hypothesize that the shedding of virus from the tonsil during reactivation plays a role in virus transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Persistence and Reactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in the Tonsils of Latently Infected Calves

Winkler

Doster

Jones

2000

J Virol

147

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“…BHV-1 does not infect mice, rats, guinea pigs, or chick embryos (Gibbs & Rweyemamu 1977), although immunocompromised mice that lack interferon receptors can be infected if the virus is injected into the peritoneal cavity (Abril et al 2004). Rabbits can be experimentally infected with BHV-1 if the virus is injected into the conjunctival sac of their eyes (Rock & Reed 1982;Rock et al 1987Rock et al , 1992, or through holes drilled into the sinuses (Brown & Field 1990a, 1990b. In vitro studies in cell culture showed that BHV-1 can bind weakly to human vascular endothelial cell (HveC) (nectin-1) or to the human poliovirus receptor (Geraghty et al 1998;Connolly et al 2001) without detectable viral replication.…”

Section: Host Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) – a re-emerging concern in livestock: a revisit to its biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prophylaxis

Biswas

Bandyopadhyay

Dimri

et al. 2013

Veterinary Quarterly

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Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) is known to cause several diseases worldwide. It is a double-stranded DNA virus consisting of 33 structural proteins out of which 13 are associated with the envelope. Based on genomic analysis and viral peptide patterns, BHV-1 virus can be divided into several subtypes like BHV-1.1, BHV-1.2, and BHV-1.3. However, all subtypes are antigenically similar. The symptoms of the related diseases are mainly non-life-threatening but have a rather wide host range that limits animal trade. The different modes of transmission as unique feature of this virus and the tendency to cause infection in the early age with latency development in trigeminal and sacral ganglion cause huge economic losses around the world. The virus also affects endangered bovine species like mithun (Bos frontalis) and yak (Poephagus grunniens). The disease can be diagnosed by using conventional procedures (like cell culture, immune-histopathology, and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) as well as highly sensitive modern techniques (like nested PCR and southern hybridization) with the virus neutralization test regarded as gold standard. With the currently available diagnostic tests it is not possible to identify animals which have a latent BHV-1 infection. Different types of modern and conventional vaccines are available for immunoprophylaxis. Inactivated vaccines are not as efficacious as modified live virus (MLV) vaccines. Marker vaccines allow the distinction between vaccinated and naturally infected animals. In this review the present status of BHV-1 around the world will be addressed besides the current knowledge with regard to its biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prophylaxis.

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“…The acute phase of BHV-1 infection was as previously described (Rock & Reed, 1982). Virus was present in ocular swabs taken from inoculated rabbits on day 1 post-inoculation and was detectable for an additional 9 to 15 days.…”

Section: Detection Of Bhv-1 Nucleic Acids In Rabbit Trigeminal Ganglimentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 RNA in Trigeminal Ganglia of Latently Infected Rabbits by in situ Hybridization

Rock¹,

Hagemoser

Osorio³

et al. 1986

Journal of General Virology

100

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SUMMARYAt times after conjunctival inoculation with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), representing the acute and latent phases of infection, rabbit trigeminal ganglia were examined for the presence of BHV-1 nucleic acids by in situ hybridization using a 3H-labelled BHV-1 DNA probe. During the acute phase of virus infection, both BHV-1 DNA and RNA were detected in ganglionic neurons and occasionally in adjacent satellite cells. However, during the latent phase of infection only viral RNA was detectable in involved neurons. Viral RNA appeared restricted to the nucleus of latently infected cells and was present in varying amounts in individual cells. These results indicate that the BHV-1 genome is transcriptionally active in ganglionic neurons during latent infection.

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Persistent infection with bovine herpesvirus-1: a rabbit model

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Persistence and Reactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in the Tonsils of Latently Infected Calves

Persistence and Reactivation of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 in the Tonsils of Latently Infected Calves

Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) – a re-emerging concern in livestock: a revisit to its biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and prophylaxis

Detection of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 RNA in Trigeminal Ganglia of Latently Infected Rabbits by in situ Hybridization

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