Persistent HIV antigenaemia and decline of HIV core antibodies associated with transition to AIDS.

Lange, Joep M. A.; Paul, Deborah A.; Huisman, H. G.; Wolf, F de; Berg, Henk van den; Coutinho, R. A.; Danner, Sven A.; Noordaa, J. van der; Goudsmit, Jaap

doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6560.1459

Cited by 339 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Antibody titres reached their maxima before anti-gp41 antibodies reached their highest avidity, thus limiting their ability to differentiate between recent and remote HIV infection. Our finding that once a maximum anti-gp41 titre has been achieved, like the anti-gp41 high avidity, it is maintained is in agreement with published work [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1

Thomas

Wilson²,

O’Toole

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYWe have evaluated solid-phase ELISA IgG antibody avidity studies as a means of identifying cases of recent HIV-1 infection. Although separate studies on the avidity of anti-gp41 and anti-p24 antibodies in seroconvertors have been reported, a comparison of the ability of patients to simultaneously mature their immune response to more than one HIV antigen immediately following seroconversion appears to be lacking. We have demonstrated a maturation in anti-gp41 avidity which reflects the time since seroconversion in all cases. In contrast, however, only some patients produced high-avidity anti-p24 or anti-p17 antibodies during the same time span. While the avidity of anti-gp41 antibodies remained high in cases of non-recent HIV infection, even in the face of advanced disease, we have confirmed the findings of others that the avidity of anti-p24 falls before the onset of ARC or AIDS. Therefore, whilst the avidity of anti-gp41 antibodies could reliably be of value in identifying cases of recent HIV infection, the avidity of anti-p24 or anti-p17 antibodies could not, but may be of prognostic value, even at an early stage. The time taken to reach maximum anti-p17, anti-p24 and anti-gp41 titres was variable, but anti-gp41 titres, like anti-gp41 avidity, remained high. In contrast, anti-p24 titres fell, even during the early follow-up period in some seroconvertors. Anti-p24 antibody avidity, however, appeared to be a better predictor of disease progression in 'remote' cases than anti-p24 titre. The avidity and titres of these antibodies are presented in relation to the clinical details, p24 antigen status, CD4 and CD8 counts where these are known.Keywords anti-gp41 anti-p17 anti-p24 relative antibody avidity recent infection antibody titre

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1

Thomas

Wilson²,

O’Toole

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Recently, attention has been paid to the core antigens (gag) because of the low rate of mutation in the gag region and specific decreases in anti-gag antibodies before the development of AIDS in HIV-infected patients (19,34,43). Moreover, cellular immunity against viral core antigens is known to play a definitive role in recovery from viral infections (24,40,47), and several reports have indicated that cellular immunity against gag proteins was detectable in HIV infection (26,30,31,41,42).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Response of Mice Infected with Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses Carrying the HIV gag Gene

Sugata

Aoki

Shioda

et al. 1991

Microbiology and Immunology

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We examined mouse immune response to 4 kinds of recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying the HIV gag gene, including vac-gag/pol, which produces HIV-like particles with processed gag proteins; vac-gag, which also produces HIV-like particles but with unprocessed gag protein; and vac-gag-pol-fuse and vac-es-gag/pol, neither of which produces such particles but releases reverse transcriptase and gag protein, respectively, from infected cells. Although infection of mice with recombinant vaccinia viruses induced production of the anti-p24 antibody in all mice, vac-gag/pol and vac-es-pol induced higher production than the other two recombinants. Increase in [3H]thymidine uptake by splenic lymphocytes following p24 antigen stimulation was most evident in mice infected with vac-gag/pol. Thus, the highest immune reaction, both humoral and cellular, was elicited by vac-gag/pol, indicating that among those tested, this recombinant vaccinia virus is the best candidate for a vaccine that induces anti-HIV gag immunity.

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“…Very early on during his scientific career, as part of his Ph.D. thesis he demonstrated that individuals with higher levels of the HIV protein p24 were more likely to experience more rapid HIV disease progression, while long-term survivors had reduced p24 antigen in their blood. This discovery supported the concept of the use of antiretroviral therapy to reduce p24 antigen already during clinically asymptomatic infection and thereby prevent the onset of AIDS [1]. The p24 antigen test was later replaced by the more sensitive and accurate tests for measuring HIV RNA which remains the hallmark for assessing the success of treatment.…”

confidence: 86%

In memoriam: Joep MA Lange (1954–2014)

Reiss

2014

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Persistent HIV antigenaemia and decline of HIV core antibodies associated with transition to AIDS.

Cited by 339 publications

References 19 publications

Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1

Differential maturation of avidity of IgG antibodies to gp41, p24 and p17 following infection with HIV-1

Immune Response of Mice Infected with Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses Carrying the HIV gag Gene

In memoriam: Joep MA Lange (1954–2014)

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