Persistent Dispositionalism in Interactionist Clothing: Fundamental Attribution Error in Explaining Prison Abuse

Haney, Craig; Zimbardo, Philip G.

doi:10.1177/0146167208322864

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Haney and Zimbardo (2009) note that 1971 was a time when the public openly criticized prisons, a period when:…”

Section: Demand Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stanford prison experiment in introductory psychology textbooks: A content analysis

Bartels

2015

Psychology Learning & Teaching

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The present content analysis examines the coverage of theoretical and methodological problems with the Stanford prison experiment (SPE) in a sample of introductory psychology textbooks. Categories included the interpretation and replication of the study, variance in guard behavior, participant selection bias, the presence of demand characteristics including the contribution of the guard orientation, and the ecological validity of the prison. In general, results revealed minimal coverage of problems with the study, with only two of the 14 textbooks citing any critical articles. The majority of textbooks presented the study in a fashion consistent with a ''power of the situation'' interpretation with no account of a more theoretically robust study, namely the BBC prison study, nor mention of methodological shortcomings. A review of the post-SPE criticisms and suggestions for addressing the landmark study in introductory textbooks are included.

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“…Haney and Zimbardo (2009) note that 1971 was a time when the public openly criticized prisons, a period when:…”

Section: Demand Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stanford prison experiment in introductory psychology textbooks: A content analysis

Bartels

2015

Psychology Learning & Teaching

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“…Similarly, Carnahan and McFarland (2007) argue that understanding extreme actions requires consideration of individual characteristics and the interaction between person and situations. For Haney and Zimbardo (2009) this dispositionalism corresponds to the "fundamental attribution error" and actually serves to "absolve the rest of us of any responsibility ignoring these pernicious and destructive environments, or failing to take steps to ameliorate them" (pp. 807).…”

Section: Evilness Requires a Special Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

What do People Mean when Speaking of Evilness?

et al. 2010

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The term evilness started to become popular in social psychology after the publication in 1999 of the special issue edited by Arthur G. Miller, “Perspectives on evil and violence”. It is usually used to define behaviors that are extremely and strongly harmful. However, the concept is still imprecise and needs to be empirically delineated. This article attempts to answer the following questions. What is evilness? What is the difference between aggression and evilness? We conducted several studies with three goals: to analyze how laypersons and experts define evilness, to verify whether laypeople distinguish between different intensities of evilness, and to determine the dimensions that predict aggression and evilness. The results offer preliminary answers to the three questions.

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“…There are several reasons that could explain the inconsistencies discussed above. First, the majority of interactionist studies have favored, more or less subtly, one set of factors over the other (Haney and Zimbardo, 2009). Second, most of interactionist research has avoided examining the relative influence of both dispositional and situational variables on job satisfaction by conducting competitive tests .…”

Section: The Interactionist Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispositional and situational factors at work

Pujol-Cols

Dabos

2019

ARLA

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) and the Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction (BIAJS) in terms of internal consistency and factor structure and to, subsequently, analyze the influence of a set of dispositional factors (namely, core self-evaluations, CSEs) and situational factors (namely, psychosocial factors) on job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach In total, 209 academics from an Argentinian university completed online surveys at two stages, separated in time, to reduce the common method bias. Findings The Spanish version of the CSES and the BIAJS showed acceptable psychometric properties, which were similar to those previously reported in North-American, European and Asian settings. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both situational and dispositional factors are significant predictors of job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications The CSES and the BIAJS seem to be valid and reliable instruments for assessing CSEs and job satisfaction, respectively, in Latin America. The adoption of an interactionist approach that includes both situational and dispositional factors is crucial in future research examining job satisfaction. Practical implications Managers should carefully evaluate the personality traits of candidates during personnel selection, as well as the working conditions they offer to their employees, since both factors seem to affect job satisfaction. Originality/value This paper contributes to the validation of two scales that may promote future organizational behavior/psychology research in Latin America. In addition, it provides empirical evidence on the relative influence of a set of situational and dispositional factors on job satisfaction, thus contributing to the resolution of the person-situation debate.

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Persistent Dispositionalism in Interactionist Clothing: Fundamental Attribution Error in Explaining Prison Abuse

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

The Stanford prison experiment in introductory psychology textbooks: A content analysis

The Stanford prison experiment in introductory psychology textbooks: A content analysis

What do People Mean when Speaking of Evilness?

Dispositional and situational factors at work

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