Persistent 400,000-year variability of Antarctic ice volume and the carbon cycle is revealed throughout the Plio-Pleistocene

Boer, Bas de; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Wal, R. S. W. van de

doi:10.1038/ncomms3999

Cited by 156 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Furthermore, in our approach we include changes in land ice sheet (albedo forcing or R [LI] ), while Yin and Berger (2012) There exist some intrinsic uncertainties in our approach based on the underlying data sets, which are not included in the Monte Carlo statistic. For example, the global temperature anomaly in the LGM still disagrees in various approaches (Annan and Hargreaves, 2013;Schmittner et al, 2011;Schmidt et al, 2014), and Pliocene sea level and ice-sheet dynamics are still a matter of debate (Rohling et al, 2014;Dolan et al, 2015;Koenig et al, 2015;Rovere et al, 2014;de Boer et al, 2015). Taking these issues into account might lead to changes in our quantitative estimates but not necessarily to a revision of our main finding of state dependency in S [CO 2 ,LI] .…”

Section: Martínezmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A detailed description of the model is found in de Boer et al (2013). This approach combines palaeodata and mass conservation for δ 18 O with physical knowledge on ice-sheet growth and decay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when overly simplified approaches to calculate R [LI] are applied (e.g. based on 1-D ice-sheet models (de Boer et al, 2010), related to sea level (Hansen et al, 2008;Martínez-Botí et al, 2015), or based on global land ice area changes without considering their latitudinal changes in detail (Köh-ler et al, 2010;PALAEOSENS-Project Members, 2012;von der Heydt et al, 2014)), the T g -R [LI] relationship is more linear. The range of R [LI] proposed for the same range of T g is then reduced by 30 % (Fig.…”

Section: Detecting Any State Dependency In S [Co 2 Li]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the state dependency of the equilibrium climate sensitivity during the last 5 million years

et al. 2015

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Abstract.It is still an open question how equilibrium warming in response to increasing radiative forcing -the specific equilibrium climate sensitivity S -depends on background climate. We here present palaeodata-based evidence on the state dependency of S, by using CO 2 proxy data together with a 3-D ice-sheet-model-based reconstruction of land ice albedo over the last 5 million years (Myr). We find that the land ice albedo forcing depends non-linearly on the background climate, while any non-linearity of CO 2 radiative forcing depends on the CO 2 data set used. This nonlinearity has not, so far, been accounted for in similar approaches due to previously more simplistic approximations, in which land ice albedo radiative forcing was a linear function of sea level change. The latitudinal dependency of icesheet area changes is important for the non-linearity between land ice albedo and sea level. In our set-up, in which the radiative forcing of CO 2 and of the land ice albedo (LI) is combined, we find a state dependence in the calculated specific equilibrium climate sensitivity, S [CO 2 ,LI] , for most of the Pleistocene (last 2.1 Myr). During Pleistocene intermediate glaciated climates and interglacial periods, S [CO 2 ,LI] is on average ∼ 45 % larger than during Pleistocene full glacial conditions. In the Pliocene part of our analysis (2.6-5 Myr BP) the CO 2 data uncertainties prevent a well-supported calculation for S [CO 2 ,LI] , but our analysis suggests that during times without a large land ice area in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. before 2.82 Myr BP), the specific equilibrium climate sensitivity, S [CO 2 ,LI] , was smaller than during interglacials of the Pleistocene. We thus find support for a previously proposed state change in the climate system with the widespread appearance of northern hemispheric ice sheets. This study points for the first time to a so far overlooked non-linearity in the land ice albedo radiative forcing, which is important for similar palaeodata-based approaches to calculate climate sensitivity. However, the implications of this study for a suggested warming under CO 2 doubling are not yet entirely clear since the details of necessary corrections for other slow feedbacks are not fully known and the uncertainties that exist in the ice-sheet simulations and global temperature reconstructions are large.

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Section: Martínezmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detecting Any State Dependency In S [Co 2 Li]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the state dependency of the equilibrium climate sensitivity during the last 5 million years

et al. 2015

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“…In ICE-3, the EIS remained within its ICE-5G boundaries despite giving it greater mass. In ICE-4, we used the EIS distribution of de Boer et al (2014), and spliced it into ICE-3 instead of the ICE-5G extent (EIS only). This new penultimate glacial EIS was scaled to match ICE-3 volume variations, with the same rule as applied to NAIS volume.…”

Section: Glacioisostatic Corrections To Last Interglacial Sea Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ice-volume/ sea-level reconstructions from seawater d 18 O records have so far either assumed a temporally invariant relationship, or one in which ice became isotopically more negative with increasing ice volume within a glacial cycle (e.g., Duplessy et al, 2002;Waelbroeck et al, 2002;Bintanja et al, 2005;Siddall et al, 2010;de Boer et al, 2014 LGM values that are identical within uncertainties (Table 4). Such records represent combined ice-volume and deep-sea temperature influences, in a proportional relationship of~22 ± 3 m C À1 (1s) Martin et al, 2002;Sosdian and Rosenthal, 2009;Elderfield et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Global D 18 O:sea-level/ice-volume Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Rohling

Hibbert

Williams

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

115

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Arctic ice shelf Last Interglacial Glacioisostatic adjustment a b s t r a c t Studies of past glacial cycles yield critical information about climate and sea-level (ice-volume) variability, including the sensitivity of climate to radiative change, and impacts of crustal rebound on sealevel reconstructions for past interglacials. Here we identify significant differences between the last and penultimate glacial maxima (LGM and PGM) in terms of global volume and distribution of land ice, despite similar temperatures and radiative forcing. Our analysis challenges conventional views of relationships between global ice volume, sea level, seawater oxygen isotope values, and deep-sea temperature, and supports the potential presence of large floating Arctic ice shelves during the PGM. The existence of different glacial 'modes' calls for focussed research on the complex processes behind ice-age development. We present a glacioisostatic assessment to demonstrate how a different PGM ice-sheet configuration might affect sea-level estimates for the last interglacial. Results suggest that this may alter existing last interglacial sea-level estimates, which often use an LGM-like ice configuration, by several metres (likely upward).

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Investigating uncertainty in the simulation of the Antarctic ice sheet during the mid‐Piacenzian

2016

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The mid‐Piacenzian (~3 Ma) represents the most recent warm period in Earth's history on a geological time scale; it is characterized by a significant rise of global sea level. The simulation of the size and location of the ice sheets and the investigation of the uncertainty in the simulations are potentially helpful for constraining reconstructed sea level changes. In this study, we focus on the behavior of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) in the mid‐Piacenzian. We investigate the influence of topography correction, model parameters, climate forcings, and model resolution on the modeled AIS and explore the isolated role of atmospheric and oceanic forcings. Forced by the simulated climate changes with the Norwegian Earth System Model, the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (15 km × 15 km) produces a nearly collapsed West AIS (WAIS) in the mid‐Piacenzian, with no significant retreat of the East AIS (EAIS). The role of increased air temperature plays a key role in the mass loss of the mid‐Piacenzian AIS, while its role is comparable to the role of ocean warming on the melting of the WAIS. In terms of the range of sea level changes, the largest source of uncertainty in the modeled AIS is derived from ice sheet model parameters and climate forcings. Although the employed model parameters, topography correction factors, and model resolution affect the simulated AIS in the mid‐Piacenzian, large‐scale deglaciation of the EAIS in our sensitivity experiments may only be possible with additional warming.

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Persistent 400,000-year variability of Antarctic ice volume and the carbon cycle is revealed throughout the Plio-Pleistocene

Cited by 156 publications

References 52 publications

On the state dependency of the equilibrium climate sensitivity during the last 5 million years

On the state dependency of the equilibrium climate sensitivity during the last 5 million years

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Investigating uncertainty in the simulation of the Antarctic ice sheet during the mid‐Piacenzian

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