Persistence of Underweight Status Among Late Preterm Infants

Goyal, Neera K.; Fiks, Alexander G.; Lorch, Scott A.

doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1496

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Normal lung development proceeds from the embryonic period (day 26-52) through pseudoglandular (day 52-week 16), canalicular (17-26 weeks) and saccular periods (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) weeks to term) to the alveolar period; during which alveolar development commences at 36 weeks' gestation and continues into postnatal life. [15,16] Extreme preterm (< 28 weeks) and very preterm birth (28-32 weeks) occur, respectively, during the canalicular period; characterised by precapillary and bronchiole formation, and the saccular period; characterised by capillary proliferation, saccule formation and commencement of surfactant production.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26] Weight gain in babies born late preterm falls below expected intrauterine norms [7] and poor growth often persists beyond the neonatal period. [27] Millennium study data demonstrate that the odds of being underweight at 3 and 5 years of age increase progressively with decreasing gestation, such that late preterm infants are at increased risk compared with term infants. [2] However, early growth restriction, particularly when followed by rapid catch-up growth, is increasingly recognised as a risk factor for obesity.…”

Section: Postnatal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory consequences of late preterm birth

Pike

Lucas

2015

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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In developed countries most preterm births occur between 34 and 37 weeks' gestation. Deliveries during this 'late preterm' period are increasing and, since even mild prematurity is now recognised to be associated with adverse health outcomes, this presents healthcare challenges. Respiratory problems associated with late preterm birth include neonatal respiratory distress, severe RSV infection and childhood wheezing. Late preterm birth prematurely interrupts in utero lung development and is associated with maternal and early life factors which adversely affect the developing respiratory system. This review considers 1) mechanisms underlying the association between late preterm birth and impaired respiratory development, 2) respiratory morbidity associated with late preterm birth, particularly long-term outcomes, and 3) interventions which might protect respiratory development by addressing risk factors affecting the late preterm population, including maternal smoking, early life growth restriction and vulnerability to viral infection.

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Postnatal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory consequences of late preterm birth

Pike

Lucas

2015

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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“…In addition to birthweight, factors like short gestational age also reduced the BMI in early childhood [38][39][40] . Infants in the first quartile might have a reduced birthweight due to maternal active smoking during pregnancy and other factors like gestational age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of maternal active smoking during pregnancy on the trajectory of childhood body mass index: A multilevel analysis using quartiles of birthweight

Kamiya¹,

Suzuki²,

Yamagata³

2020

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION Maternal active smoking during pregnancy is associated with childhood obesity; however, whether maternal active smoking affects childhood body mass index (BMI) according to birthweight has not been examined. METHODS The study participants were 1955 women and their single-born infants, born between 1 April 1991 and 31 March 2003, in Koshu City, Japan, for whom complete data for birthweight, pre-pregnancy maternal BMI and pregnancy smoking status were available. Maternal smoking status during pregnancy was recorded using a questionnaire at the time of pregnancy registration. Childhood BMI was estimated by the BMI z-score, established by the World Health Organisation. Birthweight quartiles were grouped by sex and parity (first vs second or higher). Multilevel analysis, including both the individual and time as different level variables by each birthweight quartile, was used to describe the trajectories of BMI z-scores for statistical analyses. RESULTS In every quartile group, although children born to smoking mothers were leaner at birth, their BMI z-score increased around the age of 3 years. These children were larger than children born to non-smoking mothers. Significant interactions between maternal active smoking during pregnancy and child's age were seen in those in the first and second quartiles of birthweight. Moreover, rapid growth in infancy was observed in the second quartile of birthweight. CONCLUSIONS The effect of maternal active smoking during pregnancy on childhood growth was more apparent among children in the second quartile of birthweight.

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“…31 Weight-for-age throughout infancy is also negatively associated with preterm birth in larger birth weight populations. 32 Optimizing nutrition is a modifiable aspect in improving growth and reducing morbidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%