Persistence of Parvovirus B19 (B19V) <scp>DNA</scp> and humoral immune response in B19V‐infected blood donors

Juhl, David; Görg, Siegfried; Hennig, Holger

doi:10.1111/vox.12162

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The VL detection variability in the different studies (including our findings), probably depends on the different sensitivity of the used diagnostic method. It seems that low levels of plasma B19V DNA did not affect clinically the infected blood donors [3,12]. This was observed also in our study, where the donor with low B19V VL was clinically asymptomatic and with normal hematological parameters.…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

“…In a prospective study, following 79 B19V-infected blood donors, in most of the cases persistent B19V DNA was detected at a very low VL (between 75 and 999 IU/mL), which is similar to our results. However, the mean duration of B19V viremia in the infected donors was 21.5 months (approximately 2 years), which demonstrates prolonged viral carriage [12]. Persistent low B19V DNA in blood donors has also been demonstrated by other authors [6,13].…”

supporting

confidence: 58%

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Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Slavov

Otaguiri

Covas

et al. 2015

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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The infection of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a common event in the general population, including volunteer blood donors. In some cases it can be asymptomatic and can remain persistent for a long period of time. The objective of this study was to examine the B19V DNA prevalence and viral load in first-time volunteer blood donors. Blood samples were collected from 91 primary blood donors at the Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Southeast Brazil. Viral detection and quantitation was performed by an in-house TaqMan Ò real-time PCR with high sensitivity. B19V DNA was detected in one male blood donor (1.0 %) and was characterized by a very low viral load (537.36 copies/mL). Our studies demonstrate that B19V DNA at low titer may be present in apparently healthy individuals. Sensitive molecular diagnostic tools can be applied for the screening of fresh blood derived products in order to prevent transfusion-transmitted B19V infection. Keywords Human parvovirus B19 Á B19V Á Viral quantitation Á Blood donorsHuman parvovirus B19 (B19V), a small icosahedral virus (19-22 nm), is the prototype member of the Erythrovirus genus (Parvoviridae family). B19V infection is a common finding in the general population and demonstrates marked seasonality. Clinical manifestations of B19V infection in children and adults may include erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) or arthropathy, nevertheless, great proportion of the infected individuals remain asymptomatic [1]. Therefore, in the general population B19V infections among blood donors can be considered a normal event and many of them have asymptomatic course [2,3]. A peculiar characteristic of B19V infection is that not always the virus is cleared and in many cases it can establish persistency in different body tissues [4]. Persistent B19V infection has been observed in immunologically normal individuals [5] including qualified blood donors [6]. The presence of persistent B19V infection in blood donors raises serious questions regarding transfusion safety of the obtained hemoderivatives, especially plasma products and packed erythrocytes.Moreover, B19V is highly resilient to almost all virus inactivation procedures [7], causes infections with a high viral load and these properties predispose to easy viral contamination of the blood products. The relevance of the low B19V load in asymptomatic donors and for the respective recipients of blood is still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate B19V DNA prevalence and viral load (VL) during 1 month blood collection in a non-metropolitan blood transfusion center in Southeast Brazil (Ribeirão Preto city, Western part of the São Paulo State).Ninety one peripheral blood samples were collected from 91 first time volunteer blood donors (mean age 35.7 years, 18-65 years, 55 % males). All of them were approved on the preliminary interview for blood donation & Svetoslav Nanev Slavov

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confidence: 85%

supporting

confidence: 58%

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Slavov

Otaguiri

Covas

et al. 2015

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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“…IgG is present in the fractionation pools where it may be helpful in neutralizing the small B19V concentrations that could be present [5,45]. B19V DNA at low, undetectable concentrations can persist in blood donors for months or years while anti-B19V IgG remains detectable [46,47,48]. It is possible that the 2 samples borderline negative for B19V DNA had very low B19V DNA levels as the result of a past infection [12,13,14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Markers of the Progression of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Virus DNA-Positive Plasma Samples

Bonjoch¹,

Obispo²,

Alemany³

et al. 2015

Transfus Med Hemother

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Background: Accurate characterization of the infection stage in parvovirus B19(B19V)-positive plasma donations would help establish the donation deferral period to contribute to a safe fractionation pool of plasma. Methods: Viral DNA load of 74 B19V DNA-positive plasma samples from whole blood donations was determined by titration using nucleic acid testing. Markers of cellular (neopterin) and humoral (B19V-specific IgM and IgG) immune response were determined by ELISA in 32 B19V DNA-positive samples and in 13 B19V DNA-negative samples. The infection progression profile was estimated according to B19V DNA load and the presence of immune response markers. Results: B19V DNA load in the 74 samples was 10⁶-10¹³ IU/ml. The distribution of 14 out of 32 selected B19V DNA-positive samples plus 2 B19V DNA-negative samples with no immune response marker followed along an upward curve according to B19V DNA load. After the peak, the distribution of 18 immune marker-positive samples followed along a downward curve according to their B19V DNA load and was grouped as follows: neopterin (n = 4), neopterin+ IgM (n = 8), neopterin + IgM + IgG (n = 3), IgM + IgG (n = 2), IgM (n = 1). There were 11 B19V DNA-negative IgG-positive samples. Conclusion: This study of B19V-DNA load and levels of neopterin, IgM, and IgG allows for reliable characterization and distribution into the different stages of B19V infection.

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“…Transfusion of parvovirus-positive RBCs to 64 patients with levels of virus less than 10 4 did not transmit infection, 74 but infectivity threshold levels in platelets and RBCs are not known. In following 75 parvovirus-infected blood donors, Juhl et al 75 observed virus levels of 75-6.4 × 10 9 IU/mL, but most samples had low levels of less than 75 to 999 IU/mL. Similarly, a low level (537 copies/mL) was reported in a blood donor by Slavov et al 76 and only 8 of 157 donors with more than 10 6 copies/mL were observed by Juhl et al 77 However, in five patients with acute infections, virus levels ranged from 1.7 × 10 6 to 4.1 × 10 7 geq/mL, 78 although these levels were in symptomatic individuals who would not pass the donor health assessment.…”

Section: Parvovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of pathogen load in relationship to infectivity and pathogen reduction efficacy

2018

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Persistence of Parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA and humoral immune response in B19V‐infected blood donors

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Prevalence and Viral Load of Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) Among Blood Donors in South-East Brazil

Characterization of Markers of the Progression of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Virus DNA-Positive Plasma Samples

Interpretation of pathogen load in relationship to infectivity and pathogen reduction efficacy

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