Persistence of dryland pasture species in mixed swards in Canterbury

Fraser, T.J.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1994.56.2136

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The ability of perennial ryegrass to persist across the wide range Table 3: Analysis of regional mean yield (tonnes DM/ha) and change in yield over time for a subset of 234 annual mean yields of 10 cultivars in 5 regions. Cultivars included in the analysis were 'Alto ','Arrow','Bealey','Bronsyn','Commando','Extreme','Matrix','One50','Revolution' and 'Trojan of conditions in which it is used has been questioned (Fraser 1994;Thom et al 1998;Easton et al 2011). Persistence issues have become particularly prominent in the upper North Island in the last 4 years, where factors including summer moisture deficits and black beetle (Heteronychus arator) attack have placed pressure on perennial ryegrass pastures (Kelly et al 2011;Tozer et al 2011).…”

Section: Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating perennial ryegrass cultivars: improving testing

Kerr¹,

Chapman²,

Thom³

et al. 2012

ProNZG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The agronomic performance of a range of perennial ryegrass cultivar-endophyte combinations was compared in 16 trials conducted at sites throughout New Zealand. Each trial was run for 3 years according to seed industry evaluation protocols, measuring variables including: dry matter (DM) yield (total annual and seasonal DM yield), ryegrass ground cover at the end of 3 years, susceptibility to plant pulling, and rust incidence. The change in DM yield over the 3-year term of each trial was also analysed. There were significant differences among cultivars in total annual DM yield, and in seasonal DM yield for each of the five periods of the year among which yield was split (winter, early spring, late spring, summer, and autumn). Mean annual yield declined between Year 1 and Year 3 in all regions except Taranaki, by between 0.8 t DM/ha (Canterbury) and 5.3 t DM/ha (Waikato). There were significant region, year, region × year, and cultivar × year interactions in yield change. Significant differences in ground cover score for perennial ryegrass at the end of 3 years were recorded among cultivars. However, these differences did not mirror on-farm observations of ryegrass persistence in the Waikato during the drought of 2007/08, suggesting that the standard trial protocols currently used do not adequately test persistence. It is recommended that industry cultivar testing needs to more accurately assess perennial ryegrass persistence, using new protocols including running trials on commercial farms, for more than 3 years, and using mixed swards. Genetic differences in persistence could be generated more quickly by choosing sites known to challenge perennial ryegrass growth and survival. Keywords: perennial ryegrass, cultivar evaluation, DM yield, persistence testing, plant pulling, rust

show abstract

Section: Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating perennial ryegrass cultivars: improving testing

Kerr¹,

Chapman²,

Thom³

et al. 2012

ProNZG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In most of New Zealand, farmers rely heavily on perennial ryegrass‐white clover ( Lolium perenne ‐ Trifolium repens ) pastures. This reliance has resulted in their promotion and establishment in suboptimal environments where they fail to produce and persist (Fraser, ). Cocksfoot ( Dactylis glomerata ) is recognized as a persistent species in dryland environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘MaxClover’ grazing experiment: I. Annual yields, botanical composition and growth rates of six dryland pastures over nine years

Mills

Lucas

Moot

2014

Grass and Forage Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Six dryland pastures were established at Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand, in February 2002. Production and persistence of cocksfoot pastures established with subterranean, balansa, white or Caucasian clovers, and a perennial ryegrass-white clover control and a lucerne monoculture were monitored for nine years. Total annual dry-matter (10.0-18Á5 t DM ha À1 ) and sown legume yields from the lucerne monoculture exceeded those from the grass-based pastures in all but one year. The lowest lucerne yield (10 t ha À1 yr À1 ) occurred in Year 4, when spring snow caused ungrazed lucerne to lodge and senesce. Cocksfoot with subterranean clover was the most productive grassbased pasture. Yields were 8Á7-13Á0 t DM ha À1 annually. Subterranean clover yields were 2Á4-3Á7 t ha À1 in six of the nine years which represented 26-32% of total annual production. In all cocksfoot-based pastures, the contribution of sown pasture components decreased at a rate equivalent to 3Á3 AE 0Á05% per year (R 2 = 0Á83) and sown components accounted for 65% of total yield in Year 9. In contrast, sown components represented only 13% of total yield in the ryegrasswhite clover pastures in Year 9, and their contribution declined at 10Á1 AE 0Á9% per year (R 2 = 0Á94). By Year 9, 79% of the 6.6 t ha À1 produced from the ryegrasswhite clover pasture was from unsown species and 7% was dead material. For maximum production and persistence, dryland farmers on 450-780 mm yr À1 rainfall should grow lucerne or cocksfoot-subterranean clover pastures in preference to ryegrass and white clover. Inclusion of white clover as a secondary legume component to sub clover would offer opportunities to respond to unpredictable summer rainfall after sub clover has set seed.

show abstract

“…The conversion of many New Zealand, southern Victorian and Tasmanian, Australian dryland pastures to cocksfoot‐dominance over several years emphasizes the adaptive nature of this species to dry summer conditions (Moloney, 1993; Fraser, 1994). Under appropriate management, mature cocksfoot plants not only survive, but also remain productive during summer months (Christie and McElroy, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 1999) and of attack by insects and pathogens (Guy et al. , 1986; Fraser, 1994; Lolicato and Rumball, 1994; Slay, 2002), cocksfoot is worthy of consideration as an alternative to perennial ryegrass in southern Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water‐soluble carbohydrate concentration

Turner

Donaghy

Lane

et al. 2006

Grass and Forage Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water-soluble carbohydrate concentration Abstract A field study was undertaken between April 2003 and May 2004 in southern Tasmania, Australia to quantify and compare changes in herbage productivity and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under a defoliation regime based on leaf regrowth stage. Defoliation interval was based on the time taken for two, three or four leaves per tiller to fully expand. Dry-matter (DM) production and botanical composition were measured at every defoliation event; plant density, DM production per tiller, tiller numbers per plant and WSC concentration were measured bimonthly; and tiller initiation and death rates were monitored every 3 weeks. Species and defoliation interval had a significant effect (P < 0AE05) on seasonal DM production. Prairie grass produced significantly more (P < 0AE001) DM than cocksfoot and ryegrass (5AE7 vs. 4AE1 and 4AE3 t DM ha )1 respectively). Plants defoliated at the two-leaf stage of regrowth produced significantly less DM than plants defoliated at the three-and four-leaf stages, irrespective of species. Defoliation interval had no effect on plant persistence of any species during the first year of establishment, as measured by plant density and tiller number. However, more frequent defoliation was detrimental to the productivity of all species, most likely because of decreased WSC reserves. Results from this study confirmed that to maximize rates of regrowth, the recommended defoliation interval for prairie grass and cocksfoot is the four-leaf stage, and for perennial ryegrass between the two and three-leaf stages.

show abstract

Persistence of dryland pasture species in mixed swards in Canterbury

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Evaluating perennial ryegrass cultivars: improving testing

Evaluating perennial ryegrass cultivars: improving testing

‘MaxClover’ grazing experiment: I. Annual yields, botanical composition and growth rates of six dryland pastures over nine years

Effect of defoliation management, based on leaf stage, on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), prairie grass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth.) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) under dryland conditions. 1. Regrowth, tillering and water‐soluble carbohydrate concentration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About