Persistence at one year of neutralizing antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection: Influence of initial severity and steroid use

Épaulard, Olivier; Buisson, Marlyse; Némoz, Benjamin; Maréchal, Marion Le; Terzi, Nicolas; Payen, Jean François; Froidure, Marie; Blanc, M.; Mounayar, Anne-Laure; Quénard, Fanny; Isabelle, Pierre; Pavèse, Patricia; Germi, Raphaële; Grossi, Laurence; Larrat, Sylvie; Poignard, Pascal; Lupo, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.10.009

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Thus, detectable anti-S antibody may be retained for at least a year. This confirms observations from other studies, which demonstrated stable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in the majority of subjects with previously diagnosed COVID-19 for 7 to 13 months after the infection [44][45][46][47][48][49]. Such stable levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may be attributed to repeated virus exposure among healthcare professionals during the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of Diagnostic Specificity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Tests and Their Application for Monitoring of Seroconversion and Stability of Antiviral Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers in Moscow

et al. 2022

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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing is an efficient tool to assess the proportion of seropositive population due to infection and/or vaccination. Numerous test systems utilizing various antigen composition(s) are routinely used for detection and quantitation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We determined their diagnostic specificity using archived true-negative samples collected before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using test systems demonstrating 98.5–100% specificity, we assessed the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and durability of anti-spike (S) antibodies in healthcare professionals (n = 100) working in Moscow during the first two cycles of the pandemic (May 2020 to June 2021) outside of the “red zone”. Analysis revealed a rapid increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity from 19 to 80% (19/100 and 80/100, respectively) due to virus exposition/infection; only 16.3% of seroconversion cases (13/80) were due to vaccination, but not the virus exposure, although massive COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers was performed beginning in December 2020. In total, 12.7% (8/63) remained positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM for >6 months, indicating unsuitability of IgM for identification of newly infected individuals. All except one remained seropositive for anti-S antibodies for >9 months on average. Significant (>15%) declines in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentrations were observed in only 18% of individuals (9/50). Our data on the high seropositivity rate and stability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in healthcare personnel working outside of the “red zone” indicate their regular exposition to SARS-CoV-2/an increased risk of infection, while a low frequency of vaccine-induced antibody response acquired after the start of vaccination points to vaccine hesitancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of Diagnostic Specificity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Tests and Their Application for Monitoring of Seroconversion and Stability of Antiviral Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers in Moscow

et al. 2022

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“…Most reports on persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune parameters show that NT titers and S1-specific IgG levels remain rather stable between 6 and 12 months after infection while NCP-specific Abs decline quickly (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). However, SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab persistence has so far not been investigated with regard to the decline kinetics of NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG nor has a potential threshold been considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody (Ab) Levels and the Kinetic of Ab Decline Determine Ab Persistence Over 1 Year

et al. 2022

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In a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study conducted with 1,655 working adults in spring of 2020, 12 of the subjects presented with positive neutralization test (NT) titers (>1:10). They were here followed up for 1 year to assess their Ab persistence. We report that 7/12 individuals (58%) had NT_50 titers ≥1:50 and S1-specific IgG ≥50 BAU/ml 1 year after mild COVID-19 infection. S1-specific IgG were retained until a year when these levels were at least >60 BAU/ml at 3 months post-infection. For both the initial fast and subsequent slow decline phase of Abs, we observed a significant correlation between NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG and thus propose S1-IgG of 60 BAU/ml 3 months post-infection as a potential threshold to predict neutralizing Ab persistence for 1 year. NT_50 titers and S1-specific IgG also correlated with circulating S1-specific memory B-cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab levels after primary mRNA vaccination in healthy controls were higher (Geometric Mean Concentration [GMC] 3158 BAU/ml [CI 2592 to 3848]) than after mild COVID-19 infection (GMC 82 BAU/ml [CI 48 to 139]), but showed a stronger fold-decline within 5–6 months (0.20–fold, to GMC 619 BAU/ml [CI 479 to 801] vs. 0.56–fold, to GMC 46 BAU/ml [CI 26 to 82]). Of particular interest, the decline of both infection- and vaccine-induced Abs correlated with body mass index. Our data contribute to describe decline and persistence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Abs after infection and vaccination, yet the relevance of the maintained Ab levels for protection against infection and/or disease depends on the so far undefined correlate of protection.

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“…The neutralizing Ab titers reached in groups 3 and 4 were overall superior to those from a cohort of convalescent COVID-19 patients composed of 50% mild (oxygen below 2 L/min) and 50% severe (intensive care unit) cases, and measured at 6 months after hospitalization (Figure 7B). 30…”

Section: Rbd-decorated Addomer Immunization Elicits Strong Neutralizi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elicitation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses through immunization with a versatile adenovirus-inspired multimerization platform

et al. 2022

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Virus like particles (VLPs) are highly suited platforms for protein-based vaccines. In the present work, we adapted a previously designed non-infectious adenovirus-inspired 60-mer dodecahedric VLP (ADDomer) to display a multimeric array of large antigens through a SpyTag/SpyCatcher system. To validate the platform as a potential COVID-19 vaccine approach, we decorated the newly designed VLP with the glycosylated receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. Cryo-Electron Microscopy structure revealed that up to 60 copies of this antigenic domain could be bound on a single ADDomer particle, with the symmetrical arrangements of a dodecahedron. Mouse immunization with the RBD decorated VLPs already showed a significant specific humoral response following prime vaccination, greatly reinforced by a single boost. Neutralization assays with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudo-typed-virus demonstrated the elicitation of strong neutralization titers, superior to those of COVID-19 convalescent patients. Notably, the presence of pre-existing immunity against the adenoviral-derived particles did not hamper the immune response against the antigen displayed on its surface. This plug and play vaccine platform represents a promising new highly versatile tool to combat emergent pathogens.

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Persistence at one year of neutralizing antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection: Influence of initial severity and steroid use

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of Diagnostic Specificity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Tests and Their Application for Monitoring of Seroconversion and Stability of Antiviral Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers in Moscow

Assessment of Diagnostic Specificity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Tests and Their Application for Monitoring of Seroconversion and Stability of Antiviral Antibody Response in Healthcare Workers in Moscow

SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody (Ab) Levels and the Kinetic of Ab Decline Determine Ab Persistence Over 1 Year

Elicitation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses through immunization with a versatile adenovirus-inspired multimerization platform

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