Persistence and diffusion behaviour of chlorpyrifos in five different species of vegetables: A comparative analysis

Noore, Shaba; G, Ramesh; Vendan, S. Ezhil; Nagaraju, V. D.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112208

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pesticide diffusion level (PDL) was calculated using the following formula: PDL (%) = (X/Y) × 100; where ‘X’ is the peak area of pesticide in the pear mesocarp and ‘Y’ is the sum of the peak areas in peel and mesocarp [ 31 ]. All results were pooled to calculate the mean value and deviation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peel Diffusion and Antifungal Efficacy of Different Fungicides in Pear Fruit: Structure-Diffusion-Activity Relationships

Zhu

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

JoF

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Fungal pathogens can invade not only the fruit peel but also the outer part of the fruit mesocarp, limiting the efficacy of fungicides. In this study, the relationships between fungicide structure, diffusion capacity and in vivo efficacy were evaluated for the first time. The diffusion capacity from pear peel to mesocarp of 11 antifungal compounds, including p-aminobenzoic acid, carbendazim, difenoconazole, dipicolinic acid, flusilazole, gentamicin, kojic acid, prochloraz, quinolinic acid, thiophanate methyl and thiram was screened. The obtained results indicated that size and especially polarity were negatively correlated with the diffusion capacity. Although some antifungal compounds, such as prochloraz and carbendazim, were completely degraded after a few days in peel and mesocarp, other compounds, such as p-aminobenzoic acid and kojic acid, showed high stability. When applying the antifungal compounds at the EC50 concentrations, it was observed that the compounds with high diffusion capacity showed higher in vivo antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata than compounds with low diffusion capacity. In contrast, there was no relationship between stability and in vivo efficacy. Collectively, the obtained results indicated that the diffusion capacity plays an important role in the efficacy of fungicides for the control of pear fruit diseases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peel Diffusion and Antifungal Efficacy of Different Fungicides in Pear Fruit: Structure-Diffusion-Activity Relationships

Zhu

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…where 'PG' is the total peak area of compounds in each phenolic group and 'TRG' is the total peak area of all phenolic groups in each extract by following the protocols provided by Noore et al [22] with minor modifications.…”

Section: Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectroscopy Analysis (Lc-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Novel Extraction Strategies on the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds and Associated Antioxidant Properties from Buckwheat Hull (Fagopyrum esculentum)

et al. 2022

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This study investigated the effects of novel extraction technologies, including ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pulsed electric field (PEF), high-pressure processing (HPP), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), and conventional extraction, on the recovery of phenolic compounds and associated antioxidant properties from buckwheat hull (Fagopyrum esculentum). Initially, twenty-four extraction strategies were investigated. Based on the results of the total phenolic content and antioxidant properties (DPPH and FRAP), twelve strategies (i.e., US (n = 2), PEF (n = 1), MW (n = 4), HPP (n = 4), and a control method) were selected for phenolic profiling carried out using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Forty-one phenolic compounds were identified in the extracts, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was also carried out on the treated residues to analyze the surface damage post-treatments. The results showed that samples treated with US (16.14 ± 0.06), PEF (9.94 ± 0.02), MW (12.63 ± 0.13), and HPP (21.76 ± 0.78) contained the highest total phenolic content (mg GAE/100 mg of DW). In the case of the antioxidant activities, the highest DPPH activities were obtained using HPP, MAE, and UAE, while no clear pattern was recorded in the case of FRAP activities. The highest DPPH and FRAP activities observed were 80.91 ± 0.22% and 23.98 ± 0.2 mg Trolox equivalents/100 mg, respectively. Additionally, the LC-MS results identified eleven different groups of phenolic compounds in buckwheat hull extracts, including anthocyanin, flavanol, flavanones, flavones, flavonol, phenolic acids, isoflavones, lignans, and quinones.

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“…Polysaccharides (cellulose and pectin) and polar ingredients, on the other hand, play a negative role in their permeation, favoring the sorption of polar compounds instead [16,17]. Some studies have proposed different hypotheses of sorption reaction kinetics, mainly depending on the nature and presence of specific chemical substances in the peel [18][19][20]. In addition, other studies can be found in the literature on the exposure of fruit peels to pesticides and their ability to permeate into the pulp [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Apple Peel Barrier Effect to Pesticide Permeation Using Franz Diffusion Cell and QuEChERS Method Coupled with GC-MS/MS

Tankiewicz

2023

Foods

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In this study, a new approach to pesticide permeation through the apple peel into the pulp is discussed. The tested compounds can be classified, based on mode of action, as systemic (boscalid, cyprodinil, pirimicarb, propiconazole and tebuconazole) or contact (captan, cypermethrin and fludioxonil) pesticides. The barrier effect was assessed using a Franz flow-type vertical diffusion cell system. A residue analysis was performed using a modified quick, easy, cheap, efficient, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method coupled to gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged between 2.6 µg kg−1 (pirimicarb) and 17 µg kg−1 (captan), with the coefficient of variability (CV) lower than 6%, while recoveries ranged from 85% (boscalid) to 112% (captan) at 0.1 and 1 mg kg−1 spiked levels. The highest peel penetration was observed for pirimicarb, captan and cyprodinil, with cumulative permeations of 90, 19 and 17 µg cm−2, respectively. The total absorption was in the range from 0.32% (tebuconazole) to 32% (pirimicarb). Only cypermethrin was not quantitatively detected in the pulp, and its use can be recommended in crop protection techniques. The obtained results indicate that molecular weight, octanol-water partition coefficient and water solubility are important parameters determining the process of pesticide absorption.

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Persistence and diffusion behaviour of chlorpyrifos in five different species of vegetables: A comparative analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Peel Diffusion and Antifungal Efficacy of Different Fungicides in Pear Fruit: Structure-Diffusion-Activity Relationships

Peel Diffusion and Antifungal Efficacy of Different Fungicides in Pear Fruit: Structure-Diffusion-Activity Relationships

Effects of Novel Extraction Strategies on the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds and Associated Antioxidant Properties from Buckwheat Hull (Fagopyrum esculentum)

Assessment of Apple Peel Barrier Effect to Pesticide Permeation Using Franz Diffusion Cell and QuEChERS Method Coupled with GC-MS/MS

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