Persistence and Degradation of Carbofuran in Soil

Getzin, L. W.

doi:10.1093/ee/2.3.461

Cited by 93 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The soil DT 50 s of aldicarb and carbofuran and their metabolites calculated in this work are in accordance with other values reported in literature (Montgomery, 1993;Greenhalgh and Balanger 1981;Ramanand et al,1988;Salama, 1998;IHP, 1998), although other works have shown values with a relatively high variability (Getzin, 1973;Jury et al, 1987;Tomlin, 1995). The variability of DT 50 values may be due to the different conditions used in the experiment (laboratory or field experiments and different biotic=abiotic factors present, such as soil moisture, temperature and microbial activity, etc.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial degradation of two carbamate insecticides and their main metabolites in soil

Caracciolo

Bottoni²,

Crobe³

et al. 2002

Chemistry and Ecology

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Degradation studies in soil of the insecticides aldicarb and carbofuran and their metabolites (aldicarb sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfone; 3-ketocarbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran) were carried out using laboratory systems under controlled conditions (temperature, water content, light). The insecticides were added to soil samples and subsamples of the soil were analyzed at different times to assess both the bacterial abundance and the concentration of the different chemicals. The epifluorescence direct count method was applied to the subsamples to estimate microorganism numbers (N=g soil). Untreated samples of soil were used as controls for evaluating the effects of the application of the insecticides on microbial abundance. Subsamples treated with the pesticides were analyzed using HPLC and the DT 50 s of the different compounds studied were calculated.The DT 50 values show that neither the parent compounds nor the transformation products have a high persistence in soil and there is a general increase in the concentration of microorganisms as the pesticides diminish.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial degradation of two carbamate insecticides and their main metabolites in soil

Caracciolo

Bottoni²,

Crobe³

et al. 2002

Chemistry and Ecology

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“…Read (1987) found that repeated applications of aldicarb or carbofuran to a sandy loam soil led to accelerated degradation at pH 6.4, but not at pH 5.6. It was also demonstrated that carbofuran breaks down quickly by means of chemical hydrolysis in an alkaline environment (pH 7.9) (Getzin, 1973). Transformation rates of oxamyl and aldicarb were also found to be higher in sandy loam and loam soils with a pH of around 7, than in humic or peaty soils with a low pH (Smelt et al, 1979;Smelt et al, 1981aSmelt et al, , 1981b.…”

Section: Soil Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Hugo

Mouton²,

Malan

2016

SAJEV

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Accelerated microbial degradation (AMD) of organophosphate and carbamate nematicides is a phenomenon whereby biodegradation in the soil is increased, leading to a dramatically shortened persistence of nematicides. More intensified agriculture practices in South Africa in response to the future demand for food may lead to increased pest and disease pressure, which in turn will lead to more frequent pesticide application. The same principle applies to plant-parasitic nematode control practices, and the overuse and misuse will have a pronounced effect on the enhancement of AMD. With limited management options available, the responsible use of nematicides becomes more pertinent. Producers should be aware of the problems associated with multiple soil applications of organophosphates and carbamates against plant-parasitic nematodes. This article reviews factors contributing to the AMD of carbamate and organophosphate nematicides in soil and makes practical recommendations to avoid the occurrence of AMD in vineyard and orchards.

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“…NO3-N, NH4-N and Hzo-soluble PO+ levels were not changed substantially due to the insecticide treatments in this organic soil. (Getzin 1973 (1972). In the untreated soil the bacterial population declined from 13 to 3 x 106/9 in 12 wk, and the fungi from 9 to 2 x 103/9.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%