Persistence and continuous evolution of the human respiratory syncytial virus in northern Taiwan for two decades

Chi, Hsin; Hsiao, Kuang-Liang; Weng, Li-Chuan; Liu, Chang-Pan; Liu, Hsin‐Fu

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41332-9

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In Taiwan, only one study, from northern Taiwan, investigated the molecular epidemiology of this virus [14]. This study aimed to detect the RSV genotype circulating pattern in central Taiwan between 2008 and 2017 and delineate the genetic variability of Taiwanese RSV strains compared with other RSV strains circulating worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central Taiwan, 2008–2017

Lee

Fang

Wang

et al. 2021

Viruses

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In this study, we investigated the molecular evolution and phylodynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) over 10 consecutive seasons (2008–2017) and the genetic variability of the RSV genotypes ON1 and BA in central Taiwan. The ectodomain region of the G gene was sequenced for genotyping. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the second hypervariable region of the G protein in RSV ON1 and BA were analyzed. A total of 132 RSV-A and 81 RSV-B isolates were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NA1, ON1, and BA9 genotypes were responsible for the RSV epidemics in central Taiwan in the study period. For RSV-A, the NA1 genotype predominated during the 2008–2011 seasons. The ON1 genotype was first detected in 2011 and replaced NA1 after 2012. For RSV-B, the BA9 and BA10 genotypes cocirculated from 2008 to 2010, but the BA9 genotype has predominated since 2012. Amino acid sequence alignments revealed the continuous evolution of the G gene in the ectodomain region. The predicted N-glycosylation sites were relatively conserved in the ON1 (site 237 and 318) and BA9 (site 296 and 310) genotype strains. Our results contribute to the understanding and prediction of the temporal evolution of RSV at the local level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central Taiwan, 2008–2017

Lee

Fang

Wang

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…In Taiwan, RSV-A and B co-circulated with alternative dominance between 2000 and 2016 [ 12 ]. ON1 of RSV-A first circulated in Taiwan in 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ON1 of RSV-A first circulated in Taiwan in 2011. Since 2013, ON1 has almost completely displaced the previously circulating RSV-A NA1 with a prevalence rate of approximately 25–50% compared to RSV-B [ 12 ]. According to the surveillance data that monitored emergency and outpatient visits for patients with acute infections from the Taiwan Centres for Disease Control, RSV was never included as the top three respiratory pathogens between 2010 and 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unprecedented outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus in Taiwan associated with ON1 variant emergence between 2010 and 2020

Lin

Chen

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been observed in Taiwan since August 2020. We reviewed a central laboratory-based surveillance network established over 20 years by Taiwan Centres for Disease Control for respiratory viral pathogens between 2010 and 2020. A retrospective study of children <5 years old hospitalized with RSV infection at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2018 and 2020 was conducted, and samples positive for RSV-A were sequenced. Clinical data were obtained and stratified by genotype and year. Data from 2020 showed an approximately 4-fold surge in RSV cases compared to 2010 in Taiwan, surpassing previous years during which ON1 was prevalent. Phylogenetic analysis of G protein showed that novel ON1 variants were clustered separately from those of 2018 and 2019 seasons and ON1 reference strains. The variant G protein carried six amino acid changes that emerged gradually in 2019; high consistency was observed in 2020. A unique substitution, E257K, was observed in 2020 exclusively. The F protein of the variant carried T12I and H514N substitutions, which weren’t at antigenic sites. In terms of multivariate analysis, age (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99; p = 0.02) and 2020 ON1 variant (OR:2.52; 95% CI:1.13–5.63; p = 0.025) were independently associated with oxygen saturation <94% during hospitalization. The 2020 ON1 variant didn’t show higher replication or virulence compared with those in 2018 in our study. The unprecedented 2020 RSV epidemic may attribute to antigenic changes and lack of interferon-stimulated immunity induced by seasonal circulating virus under non-pharmaceutical intervention.

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“…Severe RSV-induced disease in children is believed to occur either due to uncontrolled viral replication or excessive immune response, or both [ 12 ]. It has also been proposed that different RSV subtypes may cause distinct clinical outcomes [ 13 , 14 ]. Several immune cells, such as neutrophils and cytotoxic T cells, are relevant in RSV immunity [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IRIS: Infection with RespIratory Syncytial Virus in infants—a prospective observational cohort study

Wetzke

Funken

Lange³

et al. 2022

BMC Pulm Med

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Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Globally, RSV is responsible for approximately 3.2 million hospital admissions and about 60,000 in-hospital deaths per year. Methods Infection with RespIratory Syncytial Virus (IRIS) is an observational, multi-centre study enrolling infants with severe RSV infection and healthy controls. Inclusion criteria are age between 0 and 36 months and hospitalisation due to RSV infection at three German sites. Exclusion criteria are premature birth, congenital or acquired bronchopulmonary or cardiac diseases, and immunodeficiency. Healthy control probands are enrolled via recruitment of patients undergoing routine surgical procedures. Blood and respiratory specimens are collected upon admission, and RSV and other pathogens are analysed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Different biomaterials, including plasma, nasal lining fluid, blood cells, DNA, and RNA specimens, are sampled in a dedicated biobank. Detailed information on demographic characteristics and medical history is recorded, and comprehensive clinical data, including vital signs, medication, and interventions. Discussion The IRIS study aims to discover host and viral factors controlling RSV disease courses in infants. The approach including multi-omics characterisation in clinically well-characterized children with RSV bronchiolitis seeks to improve our understanding of the immune response against this virus. It may disclose novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for respiratory infections in infants. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04925310. Registered 01 October 2021—Retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04925310?cond=NCT04925310&draw=2&rank=1

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Persistence and continuous evolution of the human respiratory syncytial virus in northern Taiwan for two decades

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central Taiwan, 2008–2017

Genetic Diversity and Molecular Epidemiology of Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central Taiwan, 2008–2017

Unprecedented outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus in Taiwan associated with ON1 variant emergence between 2010 and 2020

IRIS: Infection with RespIratory Syncytial Virus in infants—a prospective observational cohort study

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