Persimmon (Diospyros Kaki L.) and Johnsongrass [Sorghum Halepense (L.) Pers.] Are New Natural Hosts of Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid

Viroids of the Mediterranean Basin

“…Viroids infecting herbaceous and ornamental crops in the Mediterranean Basin belong to six viroid genera: Pelamoviroid (CChMVd, PLMVd), Elaviroid (ELVd), Hostuviroid (HSVd), Cocadviroid (HLVd), Coleviroid (CbVd 1, and 3), and Pospiviroid (PSTVd, CEVd, CSVd, CLVd, IrVd-1, TASVd, TCDVd) [2,[145][146][147]. These viroids, with the exception of HLVd, have been reported in vegetables (tomato, potato, pepper, eggplant, carrot, broad bean, chickpea), oil crops (rapeseed), several ornamental crops like chrysanthemum, marguerite daisy, common ragwort, cape gooseberry), spurflower, common periwinkle, petunia, trailing petunia, and climbing nightshade, as well as in sorghum, the latter being the first report of a viroid infecting poaceous monocots in the Mediterranean and worldwide [3].…”

“…PLMVd was detected with an infection rate of 16–38% in peachand nectarine and 0–60% in apricot [ 117 , 118 , 149 , 231 , 232 ]. PLMVd was occasionally detected in the Malatya region of Turkey in persimmon, walnut, and sorghum [ 3 , 231 ]. ASSVd was detected in apple with an incidence of 46% in apple orchards in Eastern Anatolia [ 24 ].…”

“…However, PLMVd detected in Turkish persimmon and in sorghum contained eight new sequence variants. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analyses revealed that these variants clustered only with PLMVd-walnut isolates previously identified from Turkey, and their similarity with the PLMVd isolates detected in different fruit crops in the world was from 96.71 to 99.11% [ 3 ]. More than 100 new PLMVd variants were identified in Tunisian peach, pear, and almond trees and clustered into groups and subgroups [ 116 ].…”

“…Viroid-infected ornamental plants such as certain chrysanthemum show viroid symptoms, whereas other ornamentals such as garden dahlia and spurflower may be symptomless. Currently, only one cereal grain crop, sorghum, has been reported from Turkey to be infected with peach latent mosaic viroid [ 3 ].…”

On the early identification and characterization of pear blister canker viroid, apple dimple fruit viroid, peach latent mosaic viroid and chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid

“…In the last years the viroid has been detected in other fruit trees including apricot, plum, sweet cherry, pear and mango and, also, in grapevine (Kyriakopoulou et al, 2017). In addition, PLMVd infection in kaki and Johnsongrass has been recently reported (Oksal et al, 2021). However, information on the relative accumulation levels or the prevalence in these alternative hosts is lacking as the corresponding reports are usually limited to the detection of the viroid in one or few samples through RT-PCR.…”