Perpetration, Revictimization, and Self-Injury: Traumatic Reenactments of Child Sexual Abuse in a Nonclinical Sample of South African Adolescents

Penning, Susan L.; Collings, Steven

doi:10.1080/10538712.2014.931319

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most research to date has focused on the relationship between different forms of violence in urban areas or in specific populations, such as women in antenatal clinics (Dunkle et al, 2004) and young adults (Penning & Collings, 2014), with little research conducted in representative, rural communities (Gass et al, 2011; Richter et al, 2014). Specifically, little is known about potential associations between experiencing different types of violence in childhood and vulnerability to IPV and nonpartner sexual violence victimization and perpetration among individuals in rural communities (Dutton & Nicholls, 2005; Wilkins, Tsao, Hertz, Davis, & Klevens, 2014), including rural South African communities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and Physical Violence in Childhood Is Associated With Adult Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence in a Representative Sample of Rural South African Men and Women

Treves-Kagan

Ayadi

Morris

et al. 2019

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intimate partner violence, nonpartner sexual violence, and physical and sexual violence against children are significant public health issues in South Africa. Theory suggests that experiencing violence in childhood plays a role in propensity to perpetrate violence or vulnerability to violence in adulthood. Most research to date on this topic has been conducted in high-resource countries or within urban or high-risk populations. We explore the relationship between violence in childhood and violence in adulthood in a community-based sample of 18- to 49-year-old adults in rural South Africa using data from a population-based survey ( N = 1,044) in North West province in 2014. We measured childhood violence before age 15 years, experience of nonpartner sexual violence in adulthood, and IPV victimization and perpetration in the last 12 months. We conducted multivariate logistic regression; gender was tested as an effect modifier. All estimates are weighted to the subdistrict population. More women (2.7%) than men (0.8%) reported childhood forced sex, whereas fewer women (2.0%) than men (7.9%) reported childhood physical violence. Women and men reported similar rates of IPV victimization (6.8% vs. 5.4%), IPV perpetration (3.3% vs. 4.8%), and forced sex by a nonpartner (1.6% vs. 1.2%). We found that men and women who experienced childhood violence (combined physical and/or sexual) were significantly more likely to experience forced sex by a nonpartner (men: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.27, 24.0], p < .05; women: aOR = 51.1, 95% CI = [10.58, 246.3], p < .01) compared with those who did not experience childhood violence. They were also 2.5 times as likely to perpetrate recent IPV (aOR = 2.5, 95% CI = [0.97, 6.7], p = .06) or experience recent IPV (aOR = 2.5, 95% CI = [0.9, 6.9], p = .07), although this finding was marginally significant. These results align with the literature from other settings and population groups.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and Physical Violence in Childhood Is Associated With Adult Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence in a Representative Sample of Rural South African Men and Women

Treves-Kagan

Ayadi

Morris

et al. 2019

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD have been found to increase the risk of revictimization in youth and adult samples (Auslander, Tlapek, Threlfall, Edmond, & Dunn, 2015; Cuevas, Finkelhor, Clifford, Ormrod, & Turner, 2010; McCart et al, 2012; Wolfe, Wekerle, Scott, Straatman, & Grasley, 2004). Maladaptive, abuse-related cognitions such as self-blame, loss of trust, and negative self-appraisals (Penning & Collings, 2014) stemming from initial abuse experiences, and health risk behaviors including substance and alcohol use, unprotected sex, prostitution, and having frequent sexual partners (Fergusson, Horwood, & Lynskey, 1997; Krahe, Scheinberger-Olwig, Waizenhofer, & Kolpin, 1999; Testa, Hoffman, & Livingston, 2010) also place individuals at heightened risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Sexual Revictimization in Childhood and Adolescence: A Longitudinal Examination Using Ecological Systems Theory

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A substantial proportion of sexual abuse victims report repeat sexual victimization within childhood or adolescence; however, there is limited understanding of factors contributing to revictimization for youth. Thus, the present study examined predictors of sexual revictimization prior to adulthood using ecological systems theory. Records of 1,915 youth presenting to a Child Advocacy Center (CAC) were reviewed to identify individual, familial, and community factors as well as initial abuse characteristics associated with risk for revictimization. Results showed that 11.1% of youth re-presented to the CAC for sexual revictimization. At the individual level, younger children, girls, ethnoracial minority youth, and those with an identified mental health problem were most likely to experience revictimization. Interpersonal factors that increased vulnerability included the presence of a noncaregiving adult in the home, being in mental health treatment, and domestic violence in the family. Community-level factors did not predict revictimization. When factors at all levels were examined in conjunction, however, only individual-level factors significantly predicted the risk for revictimization. Findings from this study provide valuable information for CACs when assessing risk for re-report of sexual abuse and add to the field's understanding of revictimization within childhood.

show abstract

“…Although the present findings provide preliminary support for a cognitive-mediation model of posttraumatic outcomes, further research is indicated in order to assess the mediating effects of cognitive appraisals on other posttraumatic outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic re-enactment behaviours) which have been found to be associated with traumatic exposure (cf. Penning & Collings, 2014; Ward, Flisher, Zissis, & Lombard, 2001). Furthermore, given that many cases of child maltreatment involve exposure to multiple forms of victimization (Dong et al, 2004) – including poly-victimization (Finkelhor, Ormrod, & Turner, 2007), chronic victimization (Courtois & Ford, 2009), and/or continuous victimization (Eagle & Kaminer, 2013) – further research would appear to be indicated in order to more systematically explore the mediating effects of trauma-related appraisals on posttraumatic outcomes in the aftermath of (or in the context of) multiple forms of exposure to child maltreatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The meaning of developmental trauma: validation of a brief screen for developmental trauma appraisals

Collings

2016

South African Journal of Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article describes the development and validation of a brief screen for developmental trauma appraisals. The 7-item screen was administered to a non-clinical sample of 477 South African adolescents who had experienced interpersonal violence during childhood. In all, 216 participants (45%) met the study criteria for a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder and 41 (9%) met the study criteria for a diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder. Exploratory factor analysis yielded one factor which had a high level of internal consistency (α = .91) and acceptable levels of construct and concurrent validity for both posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder outcomes. Mediation analyses indicated that the appraisal screen measures a construct which effectively mediates the relationship between traumatic exposure and the severity of posttraumatic outcomes across a broad range of maltreatment types.

show abstract

Perpetration, Revictimization, and Self-Injury: Traumatic Reenactments of Child Sexual Abuse in a Nonclinical Sample of South African Adolescents

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

Sexual and Physical Violence in Childhood Is Associated With Adult Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence in a Representative Sample of Rural South African Men and Women

Sexual and Physical Violence in Childhood Is Associated With Adult Intimate Partner Violence and Nonpartner Sexual Violence in a Representative Sample of Rural South African Men and Women

Predicting Sexual Revictimization in Childhood and Adolescence: A Longitudinal Examination Using Ecological Systems Theory

The meaning of developmental trauma: validation of a brief screen for developmental trauma appraisals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About