Peroxisomes in Dermatology. Part II

Abstract

PPAR expression and ligand modulation within the skin have shown potential uses for these ligands in a number of inflammatory cutaneous disorders, including acne vulgaris, cutaneous disorders with barrier dysfunction, cutaneous effects of aging, and poor wound healing associated with altered signal transduction, as well as for side effects induced by the metabolic dysregulation of other drugs.

The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with a lower hirsutism score and increased insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

“…Both in men 43 and mice, 44 expression of all three PPAR isotypes has been found in the pilosebaceous unit (PSU), which comprises a single morphological entity of the sebaceous gland and the hair follicle. 45,46 PPAR ligands have been found specifically to affect sebaceous cell growth, differentiation and lipogenesis, 47 and PPARs appear to be involved in the mechanisms associated with chronic inflammation present in acne, 46 psoriasis 48 and wound healing. 49 The majority of steroid hormones and other local or systemic factors can directly and indirectly regulate hair growth.…”

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and PPAR agonists: the ‘future’ in dermatology therapeutics?

“…Activation of PPARa appears to increase differentiation-induced apoptosis, thus, may contribute to follicular comedogenesis. Similarly, PPARc helps sebocytes to undergo transition from an early-undifferentiated stage to the mid-differentiated stage in which fused lipid droplets are formed while PPARb/d activation appears important in the late stages of sebocyte maturation [90]. Many studies have demonstrated that sebum production increased in patients who received PPAR agonists like fibrates or thiazolidinediones for hyperlipidaemias or diabetes mellitus as compared to age-, sex-, and disease-matched controls.…”

Pilot trial: Pioglitazone versus placebo in patients with plaque psoriasis (the P6)

“…[7][8][9][10] PPARs are now recognized as key regulators of skin conditions, such as psoriasis, which are characterized by hyperproliferation, inflammatory infiltrates and aberrant differentiation. 2,11,12 Pioglitazone is a representative of the class of drugs known as thiazolidinedoniones. It acts by binding to PPAR-γ and stimulates transcription of insulin-responsive genes that regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.…”