Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and ovarian function – implications for regulating steroidogenesis, differentiation, and tissue remodeling

Komar, Carolyn M.

doi:10.1186/1477-7827-3-41

Cited by 176 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…The PPARg system is strongly expressed in granulosa cells, where it regulates early folliculogenesis (Komar 2005, Froment et al 2006. For this reason, the PPARg system has been the focus of several studies on (2009) found that mRNA for PPARg was undetectable on day 1, low from days 5 to 14, and increased by day 19 post partum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discovery of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of transcription factors revealed the link between lipid/ glucose availability and long-term metabolic adaptation (Issemann & Green 1990). PPARs have three subtypes, a, b/d, and g (Issemann & Green 1990, Komar 2005, which are detected in the ovary of several species, including the rat (Komar 2005). PPARg is expressed primarily in the granulosa cells of developing follicles (Komar & Curry 2002), where it regulates the synthesis of steroid hormones (Huang 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of hyperandrogenism on ovarian function

et al. 2015

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The objective of this work was to study the ovarian function when follicular development is induced during a hyperandrogenic condition. Female rats were injected with either equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG group) to induce folliculogenesis or eCG together with DHEA to induce folliculogenesis in a hyperandrogenic condition (eCGCHA group). The control group was injected with vehicle. Ovarian mRNA levels of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg) co-activator PGC1a, the PPARg co-repressor NCoR, the main enzymes involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis (CYP17, 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3b-HSD), 17b-HSD, and CYP19A), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) were evaluated only by real-time PCR. COX2 was evaluated by both real-time PCR and western blot. Serum steroid hormones and both the oxidative and inflammatory statuses were also quantified. We found that eCG-induced folliculogenesis induced increased mRNA levels of PGC1a and decreased those of NCoR when compared with controls. In addition, we found an increase in serum estradiol (E 2 ) levels and enhanced mRNA expression of CYP19A. A pro-inflammatory status and a pro-oxidant status were also established. When folliculogenesis was induced in a hyperandrogenic condition, the mRNA levels of the PPARg co-repressor NCoR remained higher than in controls and the pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant statuses were enhanced. In addition, the enzymes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis were altered leading to the accumulation of testosterone and an unfavorable E 2 /testosterone ratio. These alterations led to abnormal follicular development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hyperandrogenism on ovarian function

et al. 2015

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“…PPARs may affect the expression and activity of proteases and angiogenic factors which are engaged in the tissue remodeling and the formation of follicular or luteal cells. Although the interaction between PPARs and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3, -9, -13), plasminogen activators, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (Flt-1, Flt-2) as well [22,33], the existence of such association in ovarian tissue needs confirmation.…”

Section: Ppars and Remodeling Of The Ovarian Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown that PPARs gene and/or protein expression varies depending on ovarian cell type, physiological status and the species [14,[22][23][24][25][26]. It has also been frequently reported that PPARs are engaged in the regulation of various ovarian functions.…”

Section: Ppars In the Ovarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Bogacka

Kurzyńska

Bogacki

et al. 2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor family. In the past decade, numerous studies have revealed the presence and significance of PPARs in the reproductive system. PPARs are expressed at different levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. They are also present in the uterus as well as in the placenta and embryonic tissues of different species. PPARs significance has been reported during the estrous/menstrual cycle and pregnancy with the gamma isoform studied most frequently. Several studies indicate that PPARs regulate proliferation of ovarian cells, tissue remodeling and steroidogenesis. In the endometrium, PPARs are engaged in the regulation of prostaglandins, steroids and cytokines synthesis. The role of PPARs in the trophoblast differentiation, maturation and invasion as well as in the embryo development has also been demonstrated. In this review, we summarize current findings concerning the role of PPARs in the regulation of reproductive functions at different levels of the HPG axis during various physiological statuses of females. In addition, the role of PPARs in the modulation of uterine functions as well as the placenta and embryo development has also been discussed.

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Action mechanisms of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oocyte maturation and developmental competence: Potential advantages and disadvantages

Zarezadeh

Mehdizadeh

Leroy

et al. 2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Infertility is a growing problem worldwide. Currently, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is widely performed to treat infertility. However, a high percentage of IVF cycles fails, due to the poor developmental potential of the retrieved oocyte to generate viable embryos. Fatty acid content of the follicular microenvironment can affect oocyte maturation and the subsequent developmental competence. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are mainly used by follicle components as primary energy sources whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a wide range of roles. A large body of evidence supports the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs in prevention, treatment, and amelioration of some pathophysiological conditions including heart diseases, cancer, diabetes, and psychological disorders. Nevertheless, current findings regarding the effects of n-3 PUFAs on reproductive outcomes in general and on oocyte quality more specifically are inconsistent. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of potential molecular mechanisms by which n-3 PUFAs affect oocyte maturation and developmental competence, particularly in the setting of IVF and thereby aims to elucidate the reasons behind current discrepancies around this topic.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and ovarian function – implications for regulating steroidogenesis, differentiation, and tissue remodeling

Cited by 176 publications

References 150 publications

Effect of hyperandrogenism on ovarian function

Effect of hyperandrogenism on ovarian function

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the regulation of female reproductive functions

Action mechanisms of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oocyte maturation and developmental competence: Potential advantages and disadvantages

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