Peroxidase and polyamine activity variation during thein vitrorooting ofBerberis buxifolia

Abstract

Berberis buxifolia is a Patagonian shrub with great economic potential for tinctorial, pharmacological, and food industries. Clonal propagation is possible through in vitro culture and is also useful for metabolite production. However, this species is difficult to root, and to improve this, more knowledge of rhizogenesis processes is needed. Polyamines and peroxidases are useful biochemical markers during analysis of rooting phases for correlation with tissue morphological changes. Therefore, endogenous polyamine (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) changes, peroxidase activity evolution, and morphological development were studied to characterise the in vitro rhizogenesis of microshoots of B. buxifolia and, thus, to define the rooting phases. Polyamine and peroxidase changed significantly during the rooting period, and had opposite behaviours which were directly related to the IBA media content. The lower polyamine concentration and the higher peroxidase activity were found in a treatment with a dark period during the first four days and with IBA in the culture medium. Putrescine was the most abundant polyamine found in B. buxifolia tissues, 14-to 18-fold more than spermidine and spermine, respectively. Therefore, these compounds were used to define the rooting phases: an induction phase (0 to 4-7 days) followed by an expression phase (4-7 to 28 days). The observed changes in the biochemical markers could be correlated with microscopic and macroscopic tissue observations in the microshoots, and the time course of rooting percentage. Successive culture media can be developed including polyamines, or other compounds and environmental conditions, which positively modify the studied biochemical markers behaviour.

Effect of Calcarisporium arbuscula on adventitious root development and peroxidase activity in two elepidote rhododendron cultivars

“…This could be due to insufficiently frequent sampling of plant material and thus missed induction phase. In other studies, although the cuttings developed roots, biochemical adventitious rooting phases in respect to changes in peroxidase activity were not detected at all, for example, in Berberis buxifolia microshoots (Arena et al 2003), easy-and difficult-toroot Grevillea species microshoots (Ludwig-Müller 2003) and evergreen azalea microshoots (Elmongy et al 2018). Similarly, in the present study, it was not possible to detect biochemical rooting phases in rhododendron cv.…”

Polyamines and inhibitors used in successive culture media forin vitrorooting inBerberis buxifolia

“…Endogenous polyamine content varied during the rooting process, and different authors have proposed that they have a role in rhizogenesis (Hausman et al 1995a;Heloir et al 1996;Bellamine & Gaspar 1998;Arena et al 2003), but others do not support their participation in rooting (Tiburcio et al 1987;Biondi et al 1990;Jarvis et al 1983). Some workers have reported that adding polyamine can stimulate or even inhibit the rooting phenomenon depending on the polyamine type, concentration, and opportunity for their addition with regard to the different rooting phases (Martin-Tanguy & Carre 1993;Hausman et al 1995a;Sha Valli Khan et al 1999;Arena et al 2003).…”

“…Some workers have reported that adding polyamine can stimulate or even inhibit the rooting phenomenon depending on the polyamine type, concentration, and opportunity for their addition with regard to the different rooting phases (Martin-Tanguy & Carre 1993;Hausman et al 1995a;Sha Valli Khan et al 1999;Arena et al 2003).…”

When stress and development go hand in hand: main hormonal controls of adventitious rooting in cuttings

“…Polyamines have been treated as biochemical markers of AR because their concentration peak is consistently associated with the end of the induction phase, similar to auxins. In various unrelated species, AR or promptness to develop adventitious roots is often observed when polyamines peak at the end of adventitious root induction and are metabolized before or at the formation phase (Neves et al, 2002; Arena et al, 2003; Naija et al, 2008). …”