Perovskite in Earth’s deep interior

Abstract

Silicate perovskite-type phases are the most abundant constituent inside our planet and are the predominant minerals in Earth's lower mantle more than 660 kilometers below the surface. Magnesium-rich perovskite is a major lower mantle phase and undergoes a phase transition to post-perovskite near the bottom of the mantle. Calcium-rich perovskite is proportionally minor but may host numerous trace elements that record chemical differentiation events. The properties of mantle perovskites are the key to understanding the dynamic evolution of Earth, as they strongly influence the transport properties of lower mantle rocks. Perovskites are expected to be an important constituent of rocky planets larger than Mars and thus play a major role in modulating the evolution of terrestrial planets throughout the universe.

Efficient and Spectrally Stable Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Potassium Passivated Nanocrystals

“…The inserted high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) images in Figure 1b,c show the lattice plane of (200) and (211), respectively, for pristine and K + -based CsPb(Br/Cl) 3 NCs, which further indicates that the addition of K + does not influence the crystal structure of NCs. The NCs exhibit a slight increase in size with the incorporation of K + , as shown in the size distribution histograms in Figure 1d,e, where the average sizes of the pristine and K + -based CsPb(Br/Cl) 3 NCs are 9.94 and 10.92 nm, respectively. This result appears inconsistent with our XRD measurement; however, it can be observed that the FWHM of the size distributions also increases with the incorporation of K + .…”

“…[29][30][31] X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements are performed to investigate the effects of K + on the structural properties of the resulting NCs. All the samples show evident diffraction peaks around 2θ = 15.00°, 21.00°, 31.00°, 34.00°, 38.00°, and 44.00°, corresponding to the (100), (110), (200), (210), (211), and (220) crystal planes of the cubic CsPb(Br/Cl) 3 phase, respectively (Figure 1a). No diffraction peak shift can be observed in the K + -based samples, suggesting that K + remains outside the perovskite NCs rather than being incorporated into the perovskite lattice.…”

“…Metal halide perovskites have been widely used in solar cells, lasers, detectors and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), owing to their readily tunable optical bandgaps, narrow full width at halfmaximum (FWHM), low cost, solution processability and superior optical and electrical properties. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Recently, encouraging progress has been made in near-infrared, red and green perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs), in which the external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) have been boosted to more than 20%. [9][10][11] Efficient LEDs for all the three basic colors are required to realize their practical application in display and light sources.…”

“…[26] Moreover, introducing inorganic ligands to replace a part of organic ligands, which can enhance the charge transport and reduce the nonradiative recombination, can be an effective method to overcome the aforementioned challenges. [24,27,28] In this paper, we demonstrate the use of potassium to obtain efficient and stable blue CsPb(Br/Cl) 3 NCs. With the introduction of a rational amount of K + , which can strongly bond with the halogen anion to form surface passivation to reduce the nonradiative recombination, the resulting perovskite NCs show not only improved PLQY but also stability.…”

Mix and Match: Organic and Inorganic Ions in the Perovskite Lattice

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Perovskites are materials with stoichiometry ABX 3 that crystallize in the well-known structure named for crystallographer Lev Perovski. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Perovskites are materials with stoichiometry ABX 3 that crystallize in the well-known structure named for crystallographer Lev Perovski.…”