Permittivity Measurements of Biological Samples by an Open-Ended Coaxial Line

Bobowski, J. S.; Johnson, Thomas

doi:10.2528/pierb12022906

Cited by 75 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These confounders are likely the source of inconsistencies in reported data. The main equipment‐based measurement confounders that have been shown to affect the accuracy of dielectric data include: the calibration procedure; calibration drift; calibration refresh; the validation procedure; the reference liquid used for validation and accuracy of its model properties; and the disconnection, reconnection or movement of cables or probe . Uncertainties in the dielectric data caused by these measurement confounders have been thoroughly investigated over the years and can now be reduced or eliminated by following good measurement practice as identified in the literature …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum information for dielectric measurements of biological tissues (MINDER): A framework for repeatable and reusable data

Porter

Gioia

Salahuddin

et al. 2017

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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The dielectric properties of biological tissues characterise the interaction of human tissues with electromagnetic (EM) fields. Accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties of tissues are vital in EM‐based therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, and for assessing the safety of wireless devices. Despite the importance of these properties, the field has suffered from inconsistencies in reported data. The dielectric measurement process for tissues is known to be affected by both measurement confounders and clinical confounders; however, adequate metadata is often lacking in the literature. For this reason, this work proposes a standard, called Minimum Information for Dielectric Measurements of Biological Tissues (MINDER). In the MINDER model, the minimum types of raw data and metadata needed to interpret or replicate a dielectric study are identified and described. Alongside the minimum information model, a controlled vocabulary for metadata parameters is proposed. We also provide an example of this model applied to a dielectric measurement scenario on a biological tissue sample. The MINDER model enables reproducibility of measurements, ease of interpreting and re‐using data, and comparison of data across studies. Further, this standard framework will support dielectric databases, with data searchable through metadata parameters such as temperature, frequency range, tissue type, and tissue state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum information for dielectric measurements of biological tissues (MINDER): A framework for repeatable and reusable data

Porter

Gioia

Salahuddin

et al. 2017

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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show abstract

“…In the same period, Liu et al focused on the extension of the frequency range in measuring the dielectric properties. Years later, Bobowski and Johnson highlighted how measurements of the permittivity at low‐frequency are contaminated with contributions from the electrode polarization effect.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of different methods for dielectric properties measurements in liquid sample media

Ruvio¹,

Vaselli

Lopresto

et al. 2017

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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Nondestructive techniques to measure dielectric properties of aqueous samples have become a crucial research topic for their impact on emerging biomedical applications. Accurate modeling of the dielectric behavior of biological tissues is fundamental to properly assess biomedical microwave imaging techniques. But it is also highly demanded to enable more reliable pretreatment planning for therapeutic technologies using electromagnetic fields such as hyperthermia and thermal ablation. This paper compares 2 well‐documented measuring methods based on open‐ended coaxial probe with a broadly commercialized set‐up and existing literature. Measurements were carried out across the frequency range 0.5‐4.5 GHz at 20°C on deionized water, methanol, and 2‐propanol samples. This selection of media under test is justified by their stability and existing literature on them. Moreover, their permittivity values well cover the variability range in biological tissues. This comparative study shows that the Stuchly and Stuchly method calibrated using deionized water, methanol, and open circuit conditions is a valid alternative to the commercial set‐ups available.

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“…Open-ended coaxial probes were employed in MI systems to measure dielectric properties of biological tissues [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Advantages of using probes include that tissue manipulation or preparation is not required, dielectric-properties measurements can be integrated in a straightforward manner with surgical and pathology protocols, they are easy to use, they can respond at broadband frequencies and there is a capacity for noninvasive measurements.…”

Section: New Perspectives In Breast Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensors should be designed specifically for lower frequencies to enhance electric field intensities inside biological tissues, due to more penetration inside the tissue when the frequency is relatively low; thus, more useful information of the object can be obtained. Various sensors have been developed for imaging of breast, including open-ended coaxial probe [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], tapered slot antenna (TSA) [59][60][61][62][63], bow-tie antenna [64][65][66][67][68][69][70], monopole antenna [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78], dipole antenna [79,80], waveguide antenna [81][82][83][84], patch antenna and Vivaldi antenna. …”

Section: Microwave Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Breast Imaging Techniques and Measurement Systems

Wang¹,

Hu²,

Ma³

2017

New Perspectives in Breast Imaging

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Electromagnetic waves at microwave frequencies allow penetration into many optically non-transparent mediums such as biological tissues. Over the past 30 years, researchers have extensively investigated microwave imaging (MI) approaches including imaging algorithms, measurement systems and applications in biomedical fields, such as breast tumor detection, brain stroke detection, heart imaging and bone imaging. Successful clinical trials of MI for breast imaging brought worldwide excitation, and this achievement further confirmed that the MI has potential to become a low-risk and cost-effective alternative to existing medical imaging tools such as X-ray mammography for early breast cancer detection. This chapter offers comprehensive descriptions of the most important MI approaches for early breast cancer detection, including reconstruction procedures and measurement systems as well as apparatus.

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Permittivity Measurements of Biological Samples by an Open-Ended Coaxial Line

Cited by 75 publications

References 31 publications

Minimum information for dielectric measurements of biological tissues (MINDER): A framework for repeatable and reusable data

Minimum information for dielectric measurements of biological tissues (MINDER): A framework for repeatable and reusable data

Comparison of different methods for dielectric properties measurements in liquid sample media

Microwave Breast Imaging Techniques and Measurement Systems

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