Permittivity and chemical characterization of woody biomass during pyrolysis and gasification

Deoxygenation-enhanced chemical looping gasification: a new pathway to produce hydrogen from biomass

“…According to the published reports, the peak at 3100-3700 cm −1 is assigned to the -OH stretching vibration, the peak at 2700-3000 cm −1 denotes the aliphatic C-H functional group, the peak at 1700 cm −1 corresponds to the unbound carboxyl, aldehyde and aliphatic ketone in biology, the peak at 1440-1600 cm −1 represents the aromatic region, and the C-O-C stretching of phenol (S unit) and the aryl ether bond (G unit) are located at 1220 cm −1 and 1270 cm −1 , respectively. [45][46][47] Under the condition of deoxidizer participation, the lower OH signal is still retained, and the aromatic region shows more peaks. The C-O-C vibration of phenol (S unit) at 1270 cm −1 is enhanced, indicating that the formation of the S unit structure has been promoted.…”

1D confined materials synthesized via a coating method for thermal catalysis and energy storage applications

“…As an important raw material for the production of long-chain hydrocarbons, methanol and other clean transportation fuels and chemicals, syngas has received extensive attention. 126–129 In addition to gasification reactions via coal and biomass, 130 the reforming reaction is one of the main routes to prepare syngas, 131 such as steam methane reforming, 132 DRM, 133–135 steam reforming of ethanol (SRG), 136 biomass steam reforming, 137–142 and the coupling of several of them (also called Bi-reforming (BRM) or the triple reforming reaction (TRM)) and so on. The coupling of these reforming reactions has several advantages, such as adjusting the H 2 /CO ratio, improving the catalyst's carbon resistance, and improving energy efficiency.…”

An Overview of Polygeneration as a Sustainable Energy Solution in the Future

“…Biomass conversion is principally thermo-chemical and utilizes syngas so that the results are very similar to coal even though they have different qualities. Thermochemical conversion of biomass can be carried out with two different options between pyrolysis and gasification [116][117][118]. Power production for the polygeneration scheme in producing power, heating, cooling and ethanol is shown in Figure 4.…”