Permissive pilot protection adaptive to DC fault interruption for VSC-MTDC

Tong, Ning; Lin, Xin; Li, Chengcheng; Sui, Quan; Le, Chen; Wang, Zhixun; Jin, Neng; Li, Zhengtian

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106234

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, it is deemed to be a PTG fault. DF is 0.0111 and DF(λ setp )/DF is calculated as 4.4886, which satisfies the criterion (22), as shown in Fig. 13(c).…”

Section: B Simulation Analysis For Internal Faults 1) Response To P-mentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Meanwhile, in Fig. 15 (c), ∆I 21 is negative, which does not satisfy the criterion of the Zone II primary protection in (22), either. Hence, the fault is deemed to be internal, which demonstrates that the proposed method can identify external faults selectively.…”

Section: Simulation Analysis For External Faultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In Fig. 15 (b), DF(λ setp )/DF is 0.9419, which does not satisfy the criterion of the Zone I primary protection in (22). Meanwhile, in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Analysis For External Faultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…TW represents the line-mode TW propagation velocity of the overhead line (OHL) and it is close to 3×10 5 km/ms. v of represents the velocity of light in fiber optical and it is 2×10 5 km/ms [22]. For single-end protection schemes, the detection time can be calculated as:…”

Section: B the Speediness Analysis Of Pilot Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved DC Fault Protection Scheme Independent of Boundary Components for MMC Based HVDC Grids

Yang

Xiang

Wen

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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For modular multilevel converter (MMC) based DC grids, current-limiting reactors (CLRs) are mainly employed to suppress the fault current and provide boundary effects to detect internal faults. Thus, most existing protection schemes are highly dependent on the larger CLRs to guarantee high selectivity. However, in existing MMC based HVDC projects, the size of CLRs is restrained by the cost, weight, and system stability under normal state. Thus, boundary protections may fail to detect high-resistance faults and pole-to-ground faults under weak boundary conditions. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper proposes a fast and selective DC fault detection scheme independent of boundary components. The propagation characteristics of line-mode backward traveling-waves (TW) are analyzed to identify external and internal faults. The polarities of zero-mode backward TWs are employed to select faulted poles. The directional overcurrent based pilot protection is adopted as a complementary criterion to detect remote faults. The proposed method can be applied in MMC-HVDC systems with small CLRs that cannot provide strong boundary conditions. Besides, the detection speed is fast (less than 1.5ms). Moreover, it is robust to fault resistance and immune to noise. Various simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC verifies the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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“…Thus, it is deemed to be a PTG fault. DF is 0.0111 and DF(λ setp )/DF is calculated as 4.4886, which satisfies the criterion (22), as shown in Fig. 13(c).…”

Section: B Simulation Analysis For Internal Faults 1) Response To P-mentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Simulation Analysis For External Faultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In Fig. 15 (b), DF(λ setp )/DF is 0.9419, which does not satisfy the criterion of the Zone I primary protection in (22). Meanwhile, in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Analysis For External Faultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: B the Speediness Analysis Of Pilot Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Improved DC Fault Protection Scheme Independent of Boundary Components for MMC Based HVDC Grids

Yang

Xiang

Wen

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…More importantly, a higher sampling frequency (100kHz or 200kHz) is recommended. For the close-in faults, the pilot protection can be adopted as back-up protection [100]- [104]. Regarding the robustness to noise disturbance, the WT based on multi-resolution algorithms and MF can be adopted to improve the endurance to noise disturbance.…”

Section: E Intelligent Algorithm Based Protection Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC Fault Protection Algorithms of MMC-HVDC Grids: Fault Analysis, Methodologies, Experimental Validations, and Future Trends

Xiang

Yang

Adam

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

118

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To protect the converters and minimize the power transmission interruption during DC line faults, it is necessary to detect the faults at ultra-high-speed for the MMC based HVDC grids. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of DC fault protection methods of MMC HVDC grids, and summarizes the underlying principles of each method. On this basis, the DC fault characteristics analysis in terms of modal-domain, time-domain and frequency-domain are analyzed, which direct the protection design. Typical boundary protection and non-boundary protection schemes are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of existing fault protection methods are compared. A two-terminal MMC-HVDC prototype is developed to test the effectiveness of three fault protection methods. Comprehensive quantitative assessments of the protection methods discussed above are carried out in a four-terminal MMC HVDC grid. Finally, the future trends of the protection schemes are discussed and the findings are concluded.

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A new combined adaptive cumulative sum‐based fault detector for multi‐terminals high voltage direct current transmission lines

Noori

Seifossadat

Saffarian

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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In this paper, a communication-based selective protective scheme using the combined adaptive cumulative sum algorithm (CACUSUM) is proposed, which can be used in wide-area protection of multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) transmission lines. The proposed algorithm works in the time domain and uses the variation pattern of the magnitude of line currents and bus voltages for fault detection. Simulation is done in MATLAB program using a test four terminals meshed HVDC transmission system. As a robust fault detector, the proposed approach detects fault occurrence as well as determining faulty zone, either faults on the DC line or AC part of the HVDC system; the whole in less than 2 ms. Simulation results confirm the robustness of CACUSUM performance against different fault resistances and different fault locations as well as the presence of noise in the signals. Appropriate speed, adaptivity, independence from system parameters, low sampling rate, low computational burden, simplicity, no need for any complicated hardware, and ability to detect cross faults are the significant benefits of this method in comparison with other ones.

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Permissive pilot protection adaptive to DC fault interruption for VSC-MTDC

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

An Improved DC Fault Protection Scheme Independent of Boundary Components for MMC Based HVDC Grids

An Improved DC Fault Protection Scheme Independent of Boundary Components for MMC Based HVDC Grids

DC Fault Protection Algorithms of MMC-HVDC Grids: Fault Analysis, Methodologies, Experimental Validations, and Future Trends

A new combined adaptive cumulative sum‐based fault detector for multi‐terminals high voltage direct current transmission lines

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