Permeation of inorganic anions through Nafion ionomer membrane

Unnikrishnan, E.; Kumar, Santosh; Maiti, B.

doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(97)00193-2

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, at -0.5 V there is evidence of a charge transfer process, ascribed to oxygen reduction, verified by removing oxygen, and the impedance values for oxygen reduction are much less in nitrate electrolyte than in acetate buffer, which means that oxygen can diffuse much more easily through the polymer film. The straight line portion at low frequency in nitrate electrolyte can be ascribed to charge separation within the polymer film again in agreement with [16]. This can be modelled by a capacitance, taking into account roughness effects, in series with the RC parallel combination describing the semicircle.…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Modified Electrodessupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The influence of the anion identity is significant at -0.5 V. At more negative potentials, as is observed at -1.0 V, this difference would be expected to be less owing to the negative anionic charge. Similar observations of the permeation of nitrate anion have been made at Nafion membranes, where the cation exchange behaviour is also due to sulphonate groups [16].…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Modified Electrodessupporting

confidence: 75%

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Poly(ester sulphonic acid) coated mercury thin film electrodes: characterization and application in batch injection analysis stripping voltammetry of heavy metal ions

Brett

Fungaro

2000

Talanta

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Mercury-thin film electrodes coated with a thin film of poly(ester sulphonic acid) (PESA) have been investigated for application in the analysis of trace heavy metals by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry using the batch injection analysis (BIA) technique. Different polymer dispersion concentrations in water/acetone mixed solvent are investigated and are characterised by electrochemical impedance measurements on glassy carbon and on mercury film electrodes. The influence of electrolyte anion, acetate or nitrate, on polymer film properties is demonstrated, acetate buffer being shown to be preferable for stripping voltammetry applications. Although stripping currents are between 30 and 70% less at the coated than at bare mercury thin film electrodes, the influence of model surfactants on stripping response is shown to be very small. The effect of the composition of the modifier film dispersion on calibration plots is shown; however, detection limits of around 5 nM are found for all modified electrodes tested. This coated electrode is an alternative to Nafion-coated mercury thin film electrodes for the analysis of trace metals in complex matrices, particularly useful when there is a high concentration of non-ionic detergents.

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Section: Characterisation Of the Modified Electrodessupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Characterisation Of the Modified Electrodessupporting

confidence: 75%

Poly(ester sulphonic acid) coated mercury thin film electrodes: characterization and application in batch injection analysis stripping voltammetry of heavy metal ions

Brett

Fungaro

2000

Talanta

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“…However, the interaction between metal cations and Nafion are relatively weak, easily competed by other non-target cations [30,31], and highly pH dependent [32], thus limiting its effectiveness as a metal preconcentrator. In contrast, the SH-SAMMS ™ has shown superior sorption properties for soft metal ions compared to commercial resins having similar thiol groups (e.g., GT-73) [17,33].…”

Section: Nafion Electrode Versus Samms ™ -Nafion Electrodementioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cd, Pb, and Cu in non-pretreated natural waters and urine with thiol functionalized mesoporous silica and Nafion composite electrodes

Yantasee

Charnhattakorn

Fryxell

et al. 2008

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Electrochemical sensors have great potential for environmental monitoring of toxic metal ions in waters due to their portability, field-deployability and excellent detection limits. However, electrochemical sensors employing mercury-free approaches typically suffer from binding competition for metal ions and fouling by organic substances and surfactants in natural waters, making sample pretreatments such as wet ashing necessary. In this work, we have developed mercury-free sensors by coating a composite of thiol self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports (SH-SAMMS ™ ) and Nafion on glassy carbon electrodes. With the combined benefit of SH-SAMMS ™ as an outstanding metal preconcentrator and Nafion as an antifouling binder, the sensors could detect 0.5 ppb of Pb and 2.5 ppb of Cd in river water, Hanford groundwater, and seawater with a minimal amount of preconcentration time (few minutes) and without any sample pretreatment. The sensor could also detect 2.5 ppb of Cd, Pb, and Cu simultaneously. The electrodes have long service times and excellent single and inter-electrode reproducibility (5% RSD after 8 consecutive measurements). Unlike SAMMS ™ -carbon paste electrodes, the SAMMS ™ -Nafion electrodes were not fouled in samples containing albumin and successfully detected Cd in human urine. Other potentially confounding factors affecting metal detection at SAMMS ™ -Nafion electrodes were studied, including pH effect, transport resistance of metal ions, and detection interference. With the ability to reliably detect low metal concentration ranges without sample pretreatment and fouling, SAMMS ™ -Nafion composite sensors have the potential to become the next generation metal analyzers for environmental and bio-monitoring of toxic metals.

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“…[11,12], and polyaniline, e.g. [13]. An alternative approach is to use a gel-type membrane ± an agarose gel in combination with microelectrodes for in situ measurements in natural waters has been developed [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion-Coated Mercury Thin Film and Glassy Carbon Electrodes for Electroanalysis: Characterization by Electrochemical Impedance

2001

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Permeation of inorganic anions through Nafion ionomer membrane

Cited by 42 publications

References 11 publications

Poly(ester sulphonic acid) coated mercury thin film electrodes: characterization and application in batch injection analysis stripping voltammetry of heavy metal ions

Poly(ester sulphonic acid) coated mercury thin film electrodes: characterization and application in batch injection analysis stripping voltammetry of heavy metal ions

Detection of Cd, Pb, and Cu in non-pretreated natural waters and urine with thiol functionalized mesoporous silica and Nafion composite electrodes

Nafion-Coated Mercury Thin Film and Glassy Carbon Electrodes for Electroanalysis: Characterization by Electrochemical Impedance

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