Permeation of carbon dioxide and water vapour in plasticized poly(vinylchloride)-starch blends: anomalous behaviour

Interfacial enhancement of flexible PVC-silica composites by silane coupling agents

“…Effective diffusion coefficients of liquid water and water vapor into the composites estimated from equation (2), taking full film thickness to control the mass transfer rate, gave values of about 0.4 x 10-13 m-z çl for water (Table 2) and about ten times of this (Table 3). They are close to the values reported for other PVC composites [6,9,10]. The diffusivity of water in air and in liquid water is 2.56 x 10-5 [19] and 2.44 x 10-9 m-2 ç [20], respectively.…”

“…It is well-known that the diffusion in many polymers is not Fickian, which is due to the fact that water molecules are small and have a strong ability to form hydrogen bonds between themselves or with the polymer. Aggregation of sorbed water in hydrophobic materials may occur and leads to a decrease in diffusion coefficient [6]. The possibility of existence of water-rich regions on the surface of the films [9] or at the surface layer of agglomerates that form the film [10] created problems in taking the mass transfer distance of the water molecules in the composites.…”

“…As the amount of this hydrophilic filler increases, affinity to water increases, while the diffusion pathway through the composite gets longer. Plasticizer greatly improves the diffusivity due to the increase in the mobility of polymer segments [6]. Summing up, diffusivity is a complex function of resin type, production process, plasticizer type and amount, filler type and amount, etc.…”

“…Nguyen et al [6] calculated diffusivity of water vapor in PVC-starch composites plasticized with 80 phr dioctyl phthalate (DOP), by means of permeability experiments.…”

High photocatalytic degradation activity of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC)–vitamin C (VC)–TiO2 nano-composite film

“…Therefore, the development of degradable PVC plastics becomes an important issue. Several biodegradable PVC plastics have been reported elsewhere [5][6][7]. There are some disadvantages in these PVC plastics, mainly the long degradation cycle and the incompleteness of the degradation, which limit their practical applications.…”