Permeability dependency on stiff and compliant porosities: a model and some experimental examples

Shapiro, Serge A.; Хижняк, Г П; Plotnikov, Vladimir; Niemann, R.; Ilyushin, P. Yu.; Galkin, Sergey

doi:10.1088/1742-2132/12/3/376

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This nonlinear property can be attributed to the presence of cracks (e.g., Walsh, 1965; Zimmerman, 1990). The relationship between porosity (permeability) and differential pressure can be expressed as a combination of linear and exponential terms (e.g., Shapiro, 2003; Shapiro et al., 2015). For TS4,

\phi =7.55-0.00002{P}_{d}+1.2{e}^{\mbox{-}0.11{P}_{d}}

( R 2 = 0.982),

\kappa =0.086-0.00025{P}_{d}+0.077{e}^{-0.082{P}_{d}}

( R 2 = 0.962).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of pores and cracks can be used to estimate the permeability of the rock. By assuming that pores and cracks are connected in parallel, the rock permeability is divided into two parts: matrix ( κ p ) and crack ( κ c ) permeabilities (e.g., Shapiro et al., 2015). If the rock is composed of circular tubes with a pore radius of r k , then (Al‐Wardy & Zimmerman, 2004)

{\kappa }_{\mathrm{p},k}=\frac{{c}_{k}{r}_{k}^{2}}{8}

…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Multiscale Cracks on Seismic Wave Propagation in Tight Sandstones

Ba,

Zhu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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Seismic wave propagation is affected by wave‐induced local fluid flow between stiff pores and multiscale fractures. To investigate this phenomenon, forced vibration (1–100 Hz) and ultrasonic (106 Hz) measurements are performed on two tight sandstones with complex pore geometry in dry and water‐saturated scenarios. Porosity, permeability, and ultrasonic velocities were also measured at different differential pressures. The results indicate that the nonlinear behavior of these properties is strongly influenced by the presence of cracks, and the correlations between the permeability/ultrasonic velocities and porosity are different. A wave propagation model is then developed in which penny‐shaped cracks are inclusions introduced stepwise into a porous medium to describe the wave anelasticity in a wide frequency band at different pressures. As a result, the model provides good agreement with the measured P‐wave velocity dispersion, and the pore aspect ratio spectrum and crack radii are determined. We then compare the estimated crack radii and pore size distributions from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Published data of a tight sandstone and a low porosity sandstone in the frequency range (2–200, 106) and (1–3,000) Hz at different differential pressures are also analyzed to validate the model. The aspect ratios, volume fractions, and radii of pores/cracks are used to describe the measured permeability. The present work can provide new insights into the geophysical properties of reservoir rocks with complex pore geometry.

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\phi =7.55-0.00002{P}_{d}+1.2{e}^{\mbox{-}0.11{P}_{d}}

( R 2 = 0.982),

\kappa =0.086-0.00025{P}_{d}+0.077{e}^{-0.082{P}_{d}}

( R 2 = 0.962).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

{\kappa }_{\mathrm{p},k}=\frac{{c}_{k}{r}_{k}^{2}}{8}

…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Multiscale Cracks on Seismic Wave Propagation in Tight Sandstones

Ba,

Zhu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Eberhart-Phillips et al, 1989;Zimmerman et al, 1986), siltstones and claystone (Freund, 1992) and transport properties in sandstones (e.g. Shapiro et al (2015) for permeability; e.g. Kaselow and Shapiro (2004) and Falcon-Suarez et al ( 2020) for electrical resistivity) with increasing P eff .…”

Section: Combined Assessment Of Elastic and Transport Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may indicate the existence of some cracks (i.e. compliant porosity; Shapiro, 2003; Shapiro et al., 2015), but considering the low porosity of the samples, it could also be related to more complex grain‐to‐grain phenomena (e.g. inter‐crystal boundaries responding to stress: boundaries between halite and non‐halite minerals).…”

Section: Halite Elastic and Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of geophysical and transport properties of salt rocks in the context of underground energy storage

Falcon‐Suarez,

Dale,

Marin‐Moreno

2024

Geophysical Prospecting

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Artificial caverns in salt rock formations play an important role in the net‐zero energy transition challenge, both for covering short‐term fluctuations in energy demand and serving as safe locations for long‐term underground gas storage both for hydrogen and natural gas. Geophysical tools can serve for monitoring geomechanical changes in the salt cavern during selection and development, and during gas storage/extraction activities, but the use of common geophysical monitoring techniques has been very limited in this area. Here, we present experimental work on physical and transport properties of halite rocks within the energy storage context and assess the potential of seismic and electromagnetic data to monitor gas storage activities in salt formations. First, we analysed the stress‐dependency of the elastic and transport properties of five halite rocks to improve our understanding on changes in the geological system during gas storage operations. Second, we conducted two dissolution tests, using cracked and intact halite samples, monitored with seismic (ultrasonic P‐ and S‐waves velocities and their attenuation factors) and electromagnetic (electrical resistivity) sources to evaluate (i) the use of these common geophysical sensing methods to remotely interpret caverning development and (ii) the effect of structural discontinuities on rock salt dissolution. Elastic properties and permeability showed an increasing trend towards rock sealing and mechanical enhancement with increasing pressure for permeabilities above 10−21 m2, with strong linear correlations up to 20 MPa. In the dissolution tests, the ultrasonic waves and electrical resistivity showed that the presence of small structural discontinuities largely impacts the dissolution patterns. Our results indicate that seismic and electromagnetic methods might help in the selection and monitoring of the caverning process and gas storage operations, contributing to the expected increase in demand of large‐scale underground hydrogen storage.

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“…Integration of X-ray tomography analysis with well test for carbonate reservoirs in [13] allowed determining reservoir zones with pore-crack type along the interval with absence of granular reservoir. In [14] there are examples of fixation convergence (or absence) of cracks on X-ray tomograms and results of experiments during varying hydraulic compression of core samples. In general, analysis of the results of core studies by X-ray tomography shows that for samples of smaller size the elements of voids and X-ray density heterogeneities are visualized in much detail.…”

Section: Study Of Void Structure Of Carbonate Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%