Permeability and self-healing of cracked concrete as a function of temperature and crack width

Reinhardt, Hans‐Wolf; Jooss, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0008-8846(02)01099-2

Cited by 539 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A similar mechanism of healing was also suggested by Lauer and Slate (1956). Reinhardt and Jooss (2003) reported a series of permeability tests with the constant temperature at 20, 50, and 80°C. They showed that the decrease of the flow rate depends on crack width and temperature and that a higher temperature favors a faster self-healing process.…”

Section: Natural Self-healingsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Controlled crack width is also one of the key issues in autogeneous healing phenomena. Various kinds of recoveries due to autogenous healing are reported, such as recovery of strength, stiffness of members (Schlangen et al 2006), and water tightness (Reinhardt and Jooss 2003), and most former research concluded that the capability of recovery due to healing depends on the induced crack width in concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Self-healing Cementitious Materials

2012

ACT

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PrefaceThis special issue is aiming at summarizing recent progress in self-healing cementitious materials and at motivating further development in the relevant research. It took a long time since the efforts to develop self-healing materials working as intelligent materials drew strong attention worldwide in the research communities. Research and development of self-healing performance have been progressing on varieties of materials including metals, non-metals, inorganic and organic materials, and composite materials. Particularly for cement-based materials, based on the background of epoch-making ideas and existing research results, it has become possible to introduce some self-healing functions and their combined mechanisms. These self-healing cementitious materials have potentials to renovate existing structural designs and maintaining schemes and contribute to service life extension and environmental impact reduction. We expect this special issue could support to realize the potential.This special issue was worked out under a strong support of JCI Technical Committee on Self-healing / Repairing Technology in Cement-based Materials (JCI TC-091) chaired by Prof. S. Igarashi, Kanazawa University. This committee's activities included 1) quantitative evaluation of self-healing performance such as water leakage control and loading damage recovery, 2) investigation into self-healing mechanism, and 3) application of non-destructive test to identify self-healing results. Committee members of the TC are listed below.Koichi Maekawa, Editor-in-Chief of ACT TC-091 committee members AbstractReinforced concrete (RC) structures in marine environments are generally affected by harsh marine environmental actions, resulting in early performance degradation mainly due to chloride-induced deterioration. In such conditions, corrosion of rebar progresses rapidly, and also the cross-sectional area of rebar is reduced and consequently structural performance of RC structures will be degraded. In contrast, the surface of concrete structures is often covered with many marine sessile organisms under marine tidal and submerged conditions. These marine sessile organisms have been empirically known to enhance the durability of concrete though the effectiveness is not appropriately evaluated. This paper describes the long-term resistance of concrete with marine sessile organisms to chloride ion penetration in concrete. The effect and its sustainability of marine sessile organisms on chloride ion penetration in concrete were investigated through field exposure tests and laboratory tests. From the test results, the basal membrane, which is a matrix of marine sessile organisms, adheres to concrete strongly on a long-term basis though some gaps between concrete and the basal membrane can be observed. In addition, experimental results and simplified simulation clarified that the attachment of marine sessile organisms can enhance the long-term resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration.

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Section: Natural Self-healingsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Self-healing Cementitious Materials

2012

ACT

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“…While Heap et al (2013) showed that the water permeability of concrete increases significantly with the progress of fracturing, it is also possible that the sealing of existing fractures and pores affects the permeability of concrete. So far, various reports on the fracture sealing of concrete have been published (e.g., Jacobsen and Sellevold 1996;Hearn and Morley 1997;Hearn 1997;Edvardsen 1999;Reinhardt and Jooss 2003;Granger et al 2007; Van der Zwaag 2007;Homma et al 2009;Qian et al 2009;Yang et al 2009;Ahn and Kishi 2010;Wu et al 2012;Fukuda et al 2012;Fukuda et al 2013). Among this literature, Edvardsen (1999) showed that the sealing of a fracture occurs by the precipitation of calcium carbonate, generated from CO 3 2− in the water and Ca 2+ in the cement paste, and that the fracture aperture and applied water pressure significantly affect the sealing, while the types of cement and aggregate and the hardness of the water have no influence on the sealing rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among this literature, Edvardsen (1999) showed that the sealing of a fracture occurs by the precipitation of calcium carbonate, generated from CO 3 2− in the water and Ca 2+ in the cement paste, and that the fracture aperture and applied water pressure significantly affect the sealing, while the types of cement and aggregate and the hardness of the water have no influence on the sealing rate. Reinhardt and Jooss (2003) showed that fracture sealing is significantly influenced by temperature up to 80 °C, resulting in a decrease in water transport, i.e., more significant sealing with increasing temperature. It 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 has been shown that sealing in engineered cementitious composites in water occurs if the fracture aperture is less than 0.15 mm (Yang et al 2009), while sealing in HSULPC kept in simulated seawater up to 49 days occurred when the fracture aperture was 0.1 mm but not 0.25 mm (Fukuda et al 2012;Fukuda et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of fracture sealing in high-strength and ultra-low-permeability concrete by micro-focus X-ray CT and SEM/EDX

et al. 2014

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Fracture sealing by precipitation is known to occur in high-strength and ultra-lowpermeability concrete (HSULPC) immersed in water. Because a high ability to retard radionuclide migration is required for HSULPC, understanding both the sealing process and the composition of sealing deposits is important to identify optimum conditions for significant sealing. In this study, sealing of a macro-fractured HSULPC specimen with initial aperture of approximately 0.1 mm was investigated in simulated seawater over 49 days. The composition of sealing deposits at 49 days after immersion was clarified by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and the progress of sealing during the 49 days was clarified by image analysis with micro-focus X-ray computed tomography (X-rayCT). Both the SEM/EDX and X-rayCT results showed that significant sealing was attained only near the outermost part of the specimen. The SEM/EDX results showed that a thin brucite layer formed on the entire specimen surface over which significant precipitation of calcium carbonate occurred and sealed the macro-fracture only near the outermost part of the specimen. The X-rayCT results indicated that the amount of sealing deposits in the macro-fracture (P seal ) reached 70 % in the mostly sealed region at 49 days and the rate of change in P seal became maximum (3.7 % day -1 ) during 7-21 days after immersion, then decreased. In conclusion, Revised_Manuscript Click here to download Manuscript: IJF_manuscript_FRAC_Rev1.doc Click here to view linked References 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 the findings in this study represent an important clue in the search for optimum conditions to achieve fracture sealing in HSUPLC.

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“…Neville also concludes from his literature research that there is no agreement between different studies about what happens inside the crack when self healing occurs and therefore further research would be useful. The early research on self healing of concrete mainly focused on water retaining structures or reservoirs where leakage through cracks was the main issue (Edvardsen 1999, Reinhardt andJoos 2003). In the research of Ter and Granger et al (2006) the main focus was regaining mechanical properties of cracks in early age concrete by ongoing hydration of cement particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%