Permanent Tooth Agenesis and Associated Dental Anomalies among Orthodontically Treated Children

Abstract

(1) Background: Tooth agenesis is one of the most common developmental dental anomalies often affecting the maxillary incisors area and premolar regions. (2) Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of permanent tooth agenesis and the associated dental abnormalities among orthodontically treated children. (3) Materials and Methods: This study was carried out utilizing 3000 pretreatment records of children who underwent orthodontic treatment, 1780 (59%) females and 1220 (41%) males, aged 10–25 years (mean age 15 years). Tooth agenesis and other dental anomalies were surveyed using their panoramic radiographs, according to gender, pattern, and location. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 using t-test or Chi-Square tests. (4) Results: The total number of missing teeth, excluding third molars, was 518 (17%) found in 326 (11%) children. The majority were the maxillary lateral incisors, which was 176 teeth (34%) (p < 0.05). Of them, 111 (63%) were in females, and 65 (37%) were in males. The second most common missing tooth was mandibular second premolars, which was 137 teeth (26%), followed by missing 73 (14%) maxillary second premolars. Impacted teeth had the highest associated dental anomaly prevalence (14.3%), while transposition showed the lowest anomaly prevalence (0.5%). (5) Conclusions: A prevalence of 11% for tooth agenesis was detected in this study. More teeth were missing in the maxilla compare with the mandible. A significant association was found between missing maxillary lateral incisors and missing premolars (p < 0.05). Associated dental anomalies included an increased number of peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors, palatally displaced and impacted maxillary canines, ectopic teeth, and infra-occluded (submerged) primary second molars.

Dental Anomalies in Primary Dentition among Arabian Children: A Hospital-Based Study

“…During routine dental examinations of children, pediatric dentists often detect dental anomalies in primary dentition, which can lead to orthodontic problems such as aesthetic issues, spacing or crowding of teeth, deviation of the midline, increased caries risk, and loss of arch length in children [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The present observational study evaluated the prevalence of dental anomalies and the gender-based and arch-based occurrence of dental anomalies in Arabic children attending the faculty of dentistry in Saudi Arabia.…”

“…These anomalies develop due to disturbances that occur during various stages of tooth development [ 1 ]. The relevant data regarding the frequency and dispersion of certain dental abnormalities may not be voluntarily revealed during regular clinical examinations unless specifically mentioned by the patient as their main concern [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. To assist in the diagnosis of associated asymptomatic teeth with dental anomalies, it is necessary to perform a comprehensive clinical and radiographic evaluation of the complete oral cavity [ 5 , 6 ].…”

“…The most frequent complications of dental anomalies include ectopic position, malocclusion, impactions, and difficulty in dental procedures like restoration, surgery, etc. [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. Various reasons during different stages of tooth development can cause anomalies in tooth size, shape, structure, and position, eventually becoming evident as dental anomalies.…”