Permafrost Hydrology Research Domain: Process-Based Adjustment

Tananaev, Nikita; Teisserenc, Roman; Debolskiy, M. V.

doi:10.3390/hydrology7010006

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…Permafrost acts as an almost impermeable barrier for soil moisture transport, which is why it greatly alters water balance and subsurface connectivity of the watersheds in cold climates. As permafrost thaws from the top in response to increasing air temperatures a layer of perennially unfrozen soil above the permafrost table (Farquharson et al, 2022) allows for better moisture transport which in turn results in increased baseflow at the main channel of a watershed (Walvoord and Kurylyk, 2016;Tananaev et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic controls of water balance response to air temperature increase in permafrost-affected watersheds

Debolskiy,

Hock,

Alexeev

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Observed increases in runoff in permafrost regions have not only been associated with changes in air temperature and precipitation but also changes in hydrological pathways caused by permafrost thaw, however, the causes and detailed processes are still a matter of debate. In this study, we apply the physically-based hydrological model WaSIM to idealized small watersheds with permafrost to assess the response of total runoff and its components surface runoff, interflow, and baseflow to atmospheric warming. We use an idealized warming scenario defined by steady atmospheric warming (only in winter) over 100 years followed by 900 years of constant air temperatures leading to permafrost thaw. Sensitivity experiments include 12 watershed configurations with different assumptions on slope, profile curvature, and hydraulic conductivity. Results indicate that when subsurface conditions allow for faster lateral flow, at the end of the warming scenario the watersheds with steeper slopes or negative (convex) profile curvature, and thus larger unsaturated zones, experience delayed permafrost thaw due to decreased thermal conductivity and lower initial soil temperatures compared to watersheds with gentle slopes or positive (concave) curvature. However, in the long term, they exhibit a higher increase in annual runoff and baseflow (and subsequently winter runoff) than watersheds with lower hydraulic conductivity and/or more gentle terrain. Moreover, after the warming, for watersheds in which permeability at depth is lower than in near-surface soil, steeper slopes facilitate a significant reduction of the increase in baseflow (and winter runoff) and instead promote interflow generation compared to the watersheds with gentle slopes or lower near-surface permeability. For the watersheds with less permeable soil, a steeper slope facilitates a lesser decrease in interflow, and the increase in total runoff is delayed. In addition, water balance response to the warming has little sensitivity to profile curvature when hydraulic conductivity is low. On the other hand, in watersheds with high hydraulic conductivity, profile curvature can considerably alter water balance response to warming. Convex watersheds exhibit a larger (albeit delayed) increase in runoff and baseflow (and associated decrease in interflow generation) compared to those with zero or positive profile curvature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic controls of water balance response to air temperature increase in permafrost-affected watersheds

Debolskiy,

Hock,

Alexeev

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Permafrost environments host a wide variety of hydrological processes affecting the regime of both surficial water bodies and groundwater aquifers [10][11][12][13]. Soil moisture redistribution and seasonal migration of the active layer base, transient water storage in solid phase, and baseflow redistribution across timescales through such storage are important features of permafrost hydrology, driving solute transport as well [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Summer Water Sources in Rivers and Lakes of the Upper Yana River Basin, Northern Eurasia, Inferred from Hydrological Tracer Data

Tananaev

2022

Hydrology

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Major ions, stable isotopes, and trace elements, including rare earth elements (REEs), are used as natural tracers in the qualitative assessment of potential water sources in lakes and rivers of the upper Yana River basin, between Verkhoyansk and Chersky Ranges, during the late summer period. Three distinct regions were sampled, and a dominant water source in each region was qualitatively inferred from water chemistry data. The REE distribution pattern was found to be highly regional and controlled by pH and carbonate contents. Mountain headwater stream at the Verkhoyansk Range north slope, the Dulgalakh River, shows an input from a mixture of shallow groundwater and icing meltwater, with a depleted isotopic signature (δ18O below –21‰), d-excess (dex = δ2H − 8·δ18O) above 18, enrichment in Mg and Sr, and depletion in heavy REEs. The Derbeke Depression lakes and streams are fed by rainfall having ultra-low total dissolved solids (TDS) content, below 25 mg/L, and a convex-up REE pattern. In a medium mountainous river at the Chersky Range flank, the Dogdo River, leaching through fissured Jurassic carbonates is a dominant runoff pathway. Riverine water is heavily depleted in light REEs, but enriched in Mo, Rb, Sb,W and U. In the Dulgalakh River water, high positive Sm and Gd anomalies were observed, attributed either to local geology (greenshists), historical mining legacy, or contemporary winter road operations.

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“…Permafrost significantly alters the water cycling through the affected landscapes compared to temperate catchments [6][7][8]. In continuous permafrost, water transport is mostly confined to the active layer and driven by processes related to phase transition in soils [9,10], the reservoir structure is simplified and existing connections between compartments are exposed [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Connectivity in a Permafrost Tundra Landscape near Vorkuta, North-European Arctic Russia

Tananaev¹,

Исаев²,

Sergeev³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hydrochemical and geophysical data collected during a hydrological survey in September 2017, reveal patterns of small-scale hydrological connectivity in a small water track catchment, north-European Arctic. Elevated tundra patches underlain by sands were disconnected from the stream and stored precipitation water from previous months. At the catchment surface and in the water track thalweg, some circular hollows, from 0.2 to 0.4 m in diameter, acted as evaporative basins with low d-excess values, from 2 to 4&permil;. Other hollows were connected to shallow subsurface runoff, yielding d-excess values between 12 and 14&permil;. ‘Connected’ hollows yielded a 50% higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content, 17.5±5.3 mg/L, than the ‘disconnected hollows, 11.8±1.7 mg/L. Permafrost distribution across the landscape is continuous, but highly variable. Open taliks exist under fens and small hummocky depressions, as revealed by electric resistivity tomography surveys. Isotopic evidence supports upward subpermafrost groundwater migration through open taliks under water tracks and fens/bogs/depressions, and its supply to streams via shallow sub-surface compartment. Temporal variability of isotopic composition and DOC in water track and a major river system, the Vorkuta R., evidence the widespread occurrence of the described processes in the large river basin. Water tracks effectively drain the tundra terrain and maintain xeric veg-etation over the elevated inter-track tundra patches.

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Permafrost Hydrology Research Domain: Process-Based Adjustment

Cited by 12 publications

References 94 publications

Topographic controls of water balance response to air temperature increase in permafrost-affected watersheds

Topographic controls of water balance response to air temperature increase in permafrost-affected watersheds

Late Summer Water Sources in Rivers and Lakes of the Upper Yana River Basin, Northern Eurasia, Inferred from Hydrological Tracer Data

Hydrological Connectivity in a Permafrost Tundra Landscape near Vorkuta, North-European Arctic Russia

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