Perlite particle size and NO3-/NH4+ ratio affect growth and chemical composition of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) in hydroponics

Ahmadi, Firoozeh; Samadi, Abbas; Sepehr, Ebrahim; Rahimi, Amir; Shabala, Sergey

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113285

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Based on a previous study by Ahmadi et al (2021), it was shown that the increase in perlite particle size leads to a decrease of total flavonoid content. No significant differences in TFC were observed between the palm kernel biochar and perlite (T5) and perlite only (T2) treatments.…”

Section: Effect Of Biochar As a Hydroponic Substrate On Total Phenoli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of biochar as a hydroponic substrate on growth, colour and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2023

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Hydroponic is a technique of growing plants in a soilless medium by using a sponge, rock wool, hydroton, coconut coir, and perlite as an alternative for crop production systems. Recently, biochar has been reported to be a potential substrate for hydroponic cultivation techniques due to its physicochemical properties which can help increase vegetable production. A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar as hydroponic substrate on the growth, colour and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). This study utilized the nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponic system and was conducted using a randomized complete block design with five treatments, including T1 (hydroton only), T2 (perlite only), T3 (palm kernel biochar), T4 (palm kernel biochar + hydroton), and T5 (palm kernel biochar + perlite). Data analysis revealed the treatment, which consists of both palm kernel biochar and hydroton (T4) resulted in a significant increase in plant growth and yielded the highest plant height (19.86 cm), leaf width (14.16 cm), plant fresh weight (68.19 g), and dry weight (8.29 g). The leaves nutrient content (N, P, K, Mg, Ca) of red lettuce grown in palm kernel biochar and hydroton (T4) substrates suggested the presence of optimal growth conditions for ensuring optimum yield with high quality. The application of palm kernel biochar and hydroton (T4) as substrate also showed a higher lightness value (L* = 66.67). Besides, the methanolic leaf extracts from the red lettuce grown in palm kernel biochar and hydroton (T4) showed the highest bioactive metabolite content. In addition, the application of palm kernel biochar (T3) as a hydroponic substrate decreased the algal density in the nutrient solution. In conclusion, the combination of palm kernel biochar and hydroton as a substrate was observed to be the best in enhancing the growth performance, colour, and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and it is therefore recommended to be used as the growth substrate in the NFT system.

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Section: Effect Of Biochar As a Hydroponic Substrate On Total Phenoli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of biochar as a hydroponic substrate on growth, colour and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2023

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“…Although the assimilation and metabolism of NH 4 + form require less energy than that of NO 3 − in plants, the majority of plant species grow better on NO 3 − since NH 4 + is toxic for plants and a few species grow well if NH 4 + is the only source of N. It has been reported that using a mixture of NO 3 − and NH 4 + is optimum for nitrogen nutrient in most of the crops 23 . Previous research demonstrated that the NO 3 − /NH 4 + ratio could affect the morphological properties of E. purpurea 18 , 24 . Zheng et al 23 and Ahmadi et al 24 reported that increasing NO 3 − concentration in nutrient solution increased total phenolic and flavonoid contents of E. purpurea root extract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research demonstrated that the NO 3 − /NH 4 + ratio could affect the morphological properties of E. purpurea 18 , 24 . Zheng et al 23 and Ahmadi et al 24 reported that increasing NO 3 − concentration in nutrient solution increased total phenolic and flavonoid contents of E. purpurea root extract. However, the plant species and environmental conditions are two critical factors that affect the optimum NO 3 − /NH 4 + ratio 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing medicinal and phytochemical compounds of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) as affected by NO3−/NH4+ ratio and perlite particle size in hydroponics

Ahmadi

Samadi

Sepehr

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Medicinal plants are considered as one of the most important sources of chemical compounds, so preparing a suitable culture media for medicinal plant growth is a critical factor. The present study is aimed to improve the caffeic acid derivatives and alkylamides percentages of Echinacea purpurea root extract in hydroponic culture media with different perlite particle size and NO3−/NH4+ ratios. Perlite particle size in the growing media was varied as very coarse perlite (more than 2 mm), coarse perlite (1.5–2 mm), medium perlite (1–1.5 mm), fine perlite (0.5–1 mm), and very fine perlite (less than 0.5 mm) in different ratios to peat moss (including pure perlite, 50:50 v/v, 30:70 v/v, and pure peat moss). Two NO3−/NH4+ ratios (90:10 and 70:30) were tested in each growing media. All phytochemical analyses were performed according to standard methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that the E. purpurea grown in the medium containing very fine-grade perlite with 50:50 v/v perlite to peat moss ratio had the maximum caffeic acid derivatives, including chicoric acid (17 mg g−1 DW), caftaric acid (6.3 mg g−1 DW), chlorogenic acid (0.93 mg g−1 DW), cynarin (0.84 mg g−1 DW), and echinacoside (0.73 mg g−1 DW), as well as, alkylamides (54.21%). The percentages of these phytochemical compounds increased by decreasing perlite particle size and increasing of NO3−/NH4+ ratio. The major alkylamide in the E. purpurea root extract was dodeca-2E, 4E, 8Z-10 (E/Z)-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide in all treatments, ranging from 31.12 to 54.21% of total dry weight. It can be concluded that optimizing hydroponic culture media and nutrient solution has significant effects on E. purpurea chemical compounds.

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“…Although the assimilation and metabolism of NH4 + form require less energy than that of NO3in plants, the majority of plant species grow better on NO3since NH4 + is toxic for plants and a few species grow well if NH4 + is the only source of N. It has been reported that using a mixture of NO3and NH4 + is optimum for nitrogen nutrient in most of the crops 40 . Previous research demonstrated that the NO3 -/NH4 + ratio could affect the morphological properties of E. purpurea 3,13 . Zheng et al (2006) and Ahmadi et al (2021) reported that increasing NO3concentration in nutrient solution increased total phenolic and flavonoid contents of E. purpurea root extract.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research demonstrated that the NO3 -/NH4 + ratio could affect the morphological properties of E. purpurea 3,13 . Zheng et al (2006) and Ahmadi et al (2021) reported that increasing NO3concentration in nutrient solution increased total phenolic and flavonoid contents of E. purpurea root extract. However, the plant species and environmental conditions are two critical factors that affect the optimum NO3 -/NH4 + ratio 22 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Medicinal and Phytochemical Compounds of Coneflower (Echinacea Purpurea L.) Medicinal Plant using New Hydroponic Culture Media and Nutrition Pattern

Ahmadi

Samadi

Sepehr

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Medicinal plants are considered as one of the most important sources of chemical compounds, so preparing a suitable culture media for medicinal plant growth is a critical factor. The present study is aimed to improve the caffeic acid derivatives and alkylamides percentages of Echinacea purpurea root extract by optimizing the NO3-/NH4 + ratio in new hydroponic culture media. Perlite particle size in the growing media was varied as very coarse perlite (more than 2 mm), coarse perlite (1.5-2 mm), medium perlite (1-1.5 mm), fine perlite (0.5-1 mm), and very fine perlite (less than 0.5 mm) with a mixture of peat moss at 50:50 v/v and 30:70 v/v peat moss to perlite ratios. Two NO3-/NH4 + ratios (90:10 and 70:30) were tested in each growing media. All phytochemical analyses were performed according to standard methods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that the E. purpurea grown in the medium containing very fine-grade perlite with 50:50 v/v perlite to peat moss ratio had the maximum caffeic acid derivatives, including chicoric acid (17 mg/g DW), caftaric acid (6.3 mg/g DW), chlorogenic acid (0.93 mg/g DW), cynarin (0.84 mg/g DW), and echinacoside (0.73 mg/g DW), as well as, alkylamides (54.21%). The percentages of these phytochemical compounds increased by decreasing perlite particle size and increasing of NO3-/NH4 + ratio. The major alkylamide in the E. purpurea root extract was dodeca-2E, 4E, 8Z-10 (E/Z)-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide in all treatments, ranging from 31.12% to 54.21% of total dry weight. It can be concluded that optimizing hydroponic culture media and nutrient solution has significant effects on E. purpurea chemical compounds.

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Perlite particle size and NO3-/NH4+ ratio affect growth and chemical composition of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) in hydroponics

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of biochar as a hydroponic substrate on growth, colour and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Effect of biochar as a hydroponic substrate on growth, colour and nutritional content of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Increasing medicinal and phytochemical compounds of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) as affected by NO3−/NH4+ ratio and perlite particle size in hydroponics

Increasing Medicinal and Phytochemical Compounds of Coneflower (Echinacea Purpurea L.) Medicinal Plant using New Hydroponic Culture Media and Nutrition Pattern

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