Periwinkle shell: Based granular activated carbon for treatment of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in industrial wastewater

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken to compare the adsorption efficiency of a low cost adsorbent, periwinkle shell-based granular activated carbon (PSC) with the adsorption efficiency of the commercial activated carbon (CAC) and a ratio 1:1 mixture of PSC and CAC (PSC/CAC) with respect to uptake of the organic components responsible for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of industrial wastewater. The influence of treatment time, adsorbent dose, pH of the media, agitation speed and adsorbent particle size on the rate of percent COD removal is evaluated. PSC has shown quite effective adsorbent capacity for COD removal with 77.5% efficiency. Though its capacity is slightly lower than that of CAC with 79% efficiency, however the low material cost makes it an attractive option for the treatment of COD. The equilibrium adsorption study can be described by the Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich models. The mechanisms of the rate of adsorption of COD were analysed using the Elovich equation and a pseudo-second-order model. The models provided a very high degree of correlation of the experimental adsorption rate data suggesting either model could be used in design applications.La présenteétude aété menée dans le but de comparer l'efficacité d'adsorption d'un adsorbant bon marché, du carbone activé granulaire (PSC) venant de la coque de bigorneau, avec l'efficacité d'adsorption du carbone activé commercial (CAC) et d'un mélange de rapport 1:1 de PSC et CAC (PSC:CAC), en tenant compte de l'absorption en composés organiques responsables de la demande chimique en oxygène (COD) des eaux usées industrielles. L'influence du temps de traitement, de la dose d'adsorbant, du pH des milieux, de la vitesse d'agitation et de la taille de particule de l'adsorbant sur la vitesse de retrait de COD en pourcentage estévaluée. Le PSC montre une capacité d'adsorption assez efficace pour le retrait de COD avec une efficacité de 77,5%. Bien que sa capacité soit légèrement inférieureà celle du CAC qui est de 79%, le faible coût du matériau en fait un choix intéressant pour le traitement du COD. L'étude d'adsorptionà l'équilibre peutêtre décrite par les modèles linéaires de Langmuir et de Freundlich. Les mécanismes de la vitesse d'adsorption de COD ontété analysésà l'aide de l'équation d'Elovich et d'un modèle de pseudo second ordre. Les modèles fournissent un très haut degré de corrélation des données de vitesse d'adsorption expérimentales, ce qui permet de penser qu'ils pourraient servirà des applications de conception.

Removal of Organic Pollutants from Wastewater Using Wood Fly Ash as a Low‐Cost Sorbent

“…Hinz [35] suggested two reasons that cause n < 1, including: (i) cooperative adsorption due to solute-solute attractive forces at the surface and (ii) competition reaction of pollutants in the complex wastewater and WA. Similar trends of adsorption isotherm are reported in other studies [10,28,36].…”

“…The results indicate that COD removal from the wastewater is related to the amount of WA. At higher sorbent dosage, the greater is the surface area and the carbon content, resulting in higher COD sorption [2][3][4]28]. The COD removal efficiency achieved in this experiment was comparable to the one obtained with black wood ash used for treating pulp and paper wastewater [16] and relatively higher than the efficiency of bagasse AC for removing phosphoric acid from wastewater [29].…”

“…Generally, the pseudo-second-order kinetic was the best model to describe sorption mechanism of COD by WA, as illustrated by high coefficients of determination (R 2 ) at 0.9998 and 0.9643 for 40 and 160 g L À1 , respectively. The results suggest that the COD sorption involved chemisorption processes [28].…”

Adsorption of Rhodamine-B from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon from Almond Shell

“…Rhodamine-B is widely used in tissues and foodstuff as one of the most main colorants [2]. Dyes are difficult to remove by contractual wastewater filtration treatments because of their high stability versus light, temperature, chemical, and microbial attacks [3]. One of the most widely used crops for the removal of these contaminants are activated carbons (activated charcoals), which can be created from agricultural residues such as almond shell, olive-waste, grass clippings, horse manure, rice ski waste, etc.…”

Physico‐Chemical Processes

“…A reduction of COD from an initial value of 378 mg/L to 142 mg/L was obtained after one hour in fixed bed absorption process. Periwinkle shellbased granular activated carbon (PSC) was applied in the removal of COD from an industrial wastewater (Badmus and Audu, 2009). A removal of 77.5% of COD was obtained.…”