Perivascular Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ: The Role of Statins

Sanna, Fabio; Margaritis, Marios; Antoniades, Charalambos

doi:10.2174/1381612823666170926133843

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…There was a significant increase in white adipose tissue, which can significantly increase adipokine secretion [14,48,49]. Adiponectin, which is one of the adipokines, has a variety of physiological activities that are beneficial to the body, such as restoring insulin to normal and preventing arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases [50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Ingestion of Tea Catechin and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Improves Liver Function via Adipokines in Chronic Obesity

2023

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Recently, there has been an increase in the number of obese individuals, which has elevated the risk of related diseases. Although several studies have been performed to develop a definitive treatment for obesity, no solution has yet been achieved. Recent evidence suggests that tea catechins possess antiobesity effects; however, an impractical amount of catechin may be required to achieve antiobesity effects in humans. Moreover, studies are yet to elucidate the effects of the combined treatment of tea catechins with other substances. Here, we investigated the synergistic effects of catechins and β-cryptoxanthin in high-calorie diet-induced mice. Combined treatment with catechins and β-cryptoxanthin significantly suppressed obesity-induced weight gain and adipocyte size and area, restoring serum parameters to normal. Additionally, combined treatment with catechins and β-cryptoxanthin suppressed inflammatory responses in adipocytes, restored adiponectin levels to normal, protected the liver against obesity-induced damage, and restored normal liver function. Moreover, activin E level was restored to normal, possibly affecting the energy metabolism of brown adipocytes. Overall, these results suggest that the combined ingestion of tea catechins and β-cryptoxanthin was not only effective against obesity but may also help to prevent obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Ingestion of Tea Catechin and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Improves Liver Function via Adipokines in Chronic Obesity

2023

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“…For example, down-regulation of miR-543 alleviates insulin resistance by targeting the SIRT1 58 , miR-27a induces insulin resistance by repressing PPARγ 59 , and miR-27b and miR-130a were linked to adipocyte insulin resistance by targeting the insulin receptor itself 12 , 14 , 60 . Adipose tissue is not only an organ for storing fat and energy, but also an important endocrine organ 61 . We found that, compared to WT mice fed a HFD, miR-125b-2KO mice fed a HFD had significantly slower glucose recovery after injection with glucose or insulin, indicating that miR-125b-2 plays a role in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiR-125b-2 knockout increases high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and insulin resistance

Wei

Sun

Dong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Obese individuals are more susceptible to comorbidities than individuals of healthy weight, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. MicroRNAs are a class of small and noncoding RNAs that are implicated in the regulation of chronic human diseases. We previously reported that miR-125b plays a critical role in adipogenesis in vitro. However, the involvement of miR-125b-2 in fat metabolism in vivo remains unknown. In the present study, miR-125b-2 knockout mice were generated using CRISPR/CAS9 technology, resulting in mice with a 7 bp deletion in the seed sequence of miR-125b-2. MiR-125b-2 knockout increased the weight of liver tissue, epididymal white fat and inguinal white fat. MiR-125b-2 knockout also increased adipocyte volume in HFD-induced obese mice, while there were no significant differences in body weight and feed intake versus mice fed a normal diet. Additionally, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that the expression of the miR-125b-2 target gene SCD-1 and fat synthesis-associated genes, such as PPARγ and C/EBPα, were significantly up-regulated in miR-125b-2KO mice (P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-125b-2KO altered HFD-induced changes in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. In conclusion, we show that miR-125b-2 is a novel potential target for regulating fat accumulation, and also a candidate target to develop novel treatment strategies for obesity and diabetes.

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Physical Exercise Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases

Gao

Pan

et al. 2021

J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res.

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Increasing evidence shows that endothelial cells play critical roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis, regulating vascular tone, inhibiting inflammatory response, suppressing lipid leakage, and preventing thrombosis. The damage or injury of endothelial cells induced by physical, chemical, and biological risk factors is a leading contributor to the development of mortal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of endothelial injury remains to be elucidated. Notably, no drugs effectively targeting and mending injured vascular endothelial cells have been approved for clinical practice. There is an urgent need to understand pathways important for repairing injured vasculature that can be targeted with novel therapies. Exercise training-induced protection to endothelial injury has been well documented in clinical trials, and the underlying mechanism has been explored in animal models. This review mainly summarizes the protective effects of exercise on vascular endothelium and the recently identified potential therapeutic targets for endothelial dysfunction.

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Perivascular Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ: The Role of Statins

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Combined Ingestion of Tea Catechin and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Improves Liver Function via Adipokines in Chronic Obesity

Combined Ingestion of Tea Catechin and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Improves Liver Function via Adipokines in Chronic Obesity

MiR-125b-2 knockout increases high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and insulin resistance

Physical Exercise Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases

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