Peritraumatic reactions in relation to trauma exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress in high school students

Aho, Nikolas; M, Björklund; Svedin, Carl Göran

doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1380998

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Recent work suggests that post-traumatic symptomatology is influenced by peri-traumatic responses. [13][14][15] Evidence suggests a substantial proportion of individuals who immobilize peritraumatically experience TI in response to post-traumatic reminders. 16 Several authors suggest that exposure to traumatic reminders may re-instantiate the original cascade of defensive stages, resulting in post-traumatic symptomology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Post-Traumatic Tonic Immobility Responses: The Scale for Tonic Immobility Occurring Post-Trauma

et al. 2019

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Background: Peri-traumatic tonic immobility has been associated with the development and course of post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite serving as an adaptive late-stage defense response, tonic immobility that continues in response to posttraumatic reminders may lead to reduced functioning and a diminished sense of well-being. At present, no validated selfreport measures assess post-traumatic tonic immobility responses specifically. Methods: The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the Scale for Tonic immobility Occurring Post-trauma (STOP), the first self-report measure developed to assess for the presence and severity of tonic immobility responses that persist following trauma exposure as part of post-traumatic symptomatology. Trauma-exposed clinical and non-clinical participants (N ¼ 462) with a history of tonic immobility completed a demographic questionnaire, the STOP, and measures of post-traumatic symptoms, dissociation, anxiety, and depression. Results: STOP assessed four latent constructs, which were interpreted following the human defense cascade model. Together, these factors capture the sensorimotor and perceptual alterations, and dissociative experiences, associated with post-traumatic tonic immobility as a trauma-related altered state. Residual symptoms and the experience of negative affect following this response (including guilt and shame) are also represented. STOP scores demonstrated excellent reliability, as well as good construct and convergent validity, with other measures of dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder. Results from the present study suggest tonic immobility is most consistent with other dissociative post-traumatic symptomatology. Conclusions: STOP demonstrates excellent preliminary psychometric properties and may be useful for researchers and clinicians wishing to assess chronic forms of tonic immobility across trauma-exposed, clinical and community samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Post-Traumatic Tonic Immobility Responses: The Scale for Tonic Immobility Occurring Post-Trauma

et al. 2019

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“…A previous study found an association between peritraumatic panic and chronic PTSD, which is mediated by peritraumatic dissociation components [ 55 ]. This suggests that early detection of peritraumatic reactions would significantly help to identify individuals at risk for PTSD [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after the 6.1 Magnitude Earthquake in Piura, Peru: A Cross-Sectional Study

Valladares-Garrido

Zapata-Castro

Peralta

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In Peru, major disasters like the 2007 Pisco earthquake have produced high rates of post-traumatic stress. However, evidence is still needed to strengthen interventions. In 2021, a major earthquake struck Piura, in northern Peru. In this context, we aimed to assess the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted during August–September 2021 in people who experienced the 6.1 Piura earthquake on 30 July 2021. The questionnaire included the PCL-C, CD-RISC, ISI, HFIAS, and additional demographic data. Generalized linear models were used. The prevalence of PTSD was 20.3%. Household income was between PEN 2001 and 3000 (PR = 4.26, 95% CI: 1.08–16.75), smoking (PR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.03–6.01), experience of a nervous breakdown (PR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.09–3.09), moderate food insecurity (PR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.10–7.73), and severe insomnia (PR = 8.25, 95% CI: 2.22–30.71) increased the prevalence of PTSD. One out of five individuals experienced post-traumatic stress symptoms after the 2021 earthquake in Piura, which varies depending on socioeconomic, psychosocial, and individual factors. Further research should strengthen these findings to ensure a fair and early mental health intervention against new seismic events in this and other Peruvian regions.

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“…Additionally, a peritraumatic cognitive response pattern has been suggested and termed “intervention” thoughts. This pattern is characterized by having thoughts that concern interrupting or escaping a stressful or traumatic situation (Aho et al, 2017; Dyb et al, 2008).…”

Section: How Do People Respond To Trauma?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s Responses to Maltreatment: Key Conclusions From a Systematic Literature Review

Katz

Tsur

Nicolet

et al. 2020

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Child maltreatment (CM) has received much research attention in recent years, leading to the enormous development of services provided to children worldwide. However, although the literature in the field of trauma studies recognizes that responses to trauma are of central importance, for a variety of reasons, the research on this subject is sparse. The current systematic literature review was therefore designed to characterize and analyze the existing knowledge on children’s responses to CM, while putting in focus all possible responses that will appear in the identified manuscripts. Key databases were explored using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and only six studies were identified as relevant to the focus of the current study. Utilizing thematic analysis, the results addressed four main themes: the studies’ methodologies, the terminology and responses that were explored in these studies, the abuse-related factors and contexts that were taken into account, and the consequences for the children (of their responses to the maltreatment). A key conclusion from this review is that concepts in this area, as well as theory, are considerably lacking. Promoting the development of theory regarding children’s responses to CM is urgently needed, as it will greatly impact clinical intervention, legal investigation, and the development of prevention programs.

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Peritraumatic reactions in relation to trauma exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress in high school students

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Assessing Post-Traumatic Tonic Immobility Responses: The Scale for Tonic Immobility Occurring Post-Trauma

Assessing Post-Traumatic Tonic Immobility Responses: The Scale for Tonic Immobility Occurring Post-Trauma

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after the 6.1 Magnitude Earthquake in Piura, Peru: A Cross-Sectional Study

Children’s Responses to Maltreatment: Key Conclusions From a Systematic Literature Review

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