Peritraumatic distress: A review and synthesis of 15 years of research

Vance, Mary C.; Kovachy, Benjamin; Dong, Minhui; Bui, Éric

doi:10.1002/jclp.22612

Cited by 68 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Conversely, in the regression analysis financial difficulties and anxiety symptoms were associated with PTSS. In particular, a great amount of research reported that anxiety, fear, and distress at the time of the trauma were strictly associated with the development of post-traumatic stress reactions (55). Comorbid anxiety was related to an increased risk of PTSD onset both in general population and in longitudinal studies on BD patients (51,52,56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tele-Psychiatry Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in 100 Patients With Bipolar Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social-Distancing Measures in Italy

et al. 2020

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The acute phase of the COrona VIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) emergency determined relevant stressful burdens in psychiatric patients, particularly those with chronic mental disorders such as bipolar disorder (BD), not only for the threat of being infected but also for the strict lock-down and social-distancing measures adopted, the economic uncertainty, and the limited possibilities to access psychiatric services. In this regard, telepsychiatry services represented a new important instrument that clinicians could adopt to monitor and support their patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) reported by patients with BD followed in the framework of a telepsychiatry service, set up in the acute phase of the COVID-19 outbreak at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Pisa (Italy). A sample of 100 patients were consecutively enrolled and assessed by the IES-r, GAD-7, HAM-D, and YMRS. Patients reported a mean (±SD) IES-r total score of 18.15 ± 13.67. Further, 17% of the sample reported PTSS (IES-r > 32), 17% depressive symptoms (HAM-D > 17), and 26% anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 > 10). Work and financial difficulties related to the COVID-19 pandemic and anxiety symptoms appeared to be positively associated with the development of acute PTSS. Acute manic symptoms appeared to be protective. The data of the present study suggest the relevance of monitoring patients with BD exposed to the burden related to the COVID-19 outbreak for prompt assessment and treatment of PTSS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tele-Psychiatry Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in 100 Patients With Bipolar Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social-Distancing Measures in Italy

et al. 2020

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“…Although most individuals prove to be resilient after being exposed to a traumatic event ( Bonanno et al., 2007 ), several risk factors may compromise the effectiveness of adaptation, including prior psychiatric history, female sex, lack of social support ( Brewin et al., 1999 ; Ozer et al., 2003 ; Carmassi et al., 2020a , 2020b ), having young children ( Yehuda et al., 2015 ; Bryant 2019 ); experiencing feelings of helplessness during the trauma or intensity of emotions when exposed (i.e., anger, peritraumatic distress) ( Vance et al., 2018 ; Carmassi et al., 2017 ). On the other hand, resilience, defined as the capacity to react to stress in a healthy way through which goals are achieved at a minimal psychological and physical cost ( Epstein and Krasner, 2013 ), plays a key role in mitigating the impact of traumatic events and hence reducing PTSS, enhancing at the same time the quality of care ( Wrenn et al., 2011 ; Ager et al., 2012 ; Haber et al., 2013 ; McGarry et al., 2013 ; Craun and Bourke, 2014 ; Hamid and Musa, 2017 ; Colville et al., 2017 ; Cleary et al., 2018 ; Winkel et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers facing the three coronavirus outbreaks: What can we expect after the COVID-19 pandemic

Carmassi

Foghi

Dell’Oste

et al. 2020

Psychiatry Research

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551

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“…from one another (Massazza et al, 2020), they tend to be associated with higher levels of post-trauma psychopathology, most commonly PTSD (Vance et al, 2018), but also depression (Bunnell et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

2020

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Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during traumatic events, that is, peritraumatic reactions, are key to post-trauma psychopathology development. Qualitative research is required to investigate whether existing quantitative methods capture the range and complexity of peritraumatic reactions as described by survivors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 104 earthquake survivors. Participants reported experiencing various peritraumatic reactions ( M = 21, range = 6–43). The survivors’ accounts confirmed presence and overall phenomenological characteristics of commonly studied peritraumatic reactions such as dissociation, distress, mental defeat, and immobility. In addition, novel and understudied reactions were identified: cognitive overload, hyperfocus, and emotion regulation, as well as positive affect. Finally, a number of cross-cutting phenomena were identified such as the social nature of many reactions and survivors evaluating their reactions as difficult to put into words. These findings have implications for the conceptualization of peritraumatic reactions, for trauma-focused psychotherapeutic interventions, and for the wellbeing of disaster survivors.

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Peritraumatic distress: A review and synthesis of 15 years of research

Cited by 68 publications

References 88 publications

Tele-Psychiatry Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in 100 Patients With Bipolar Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social-Distancing Measures in Italy

Tele-Psychiatry Assessment of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in 100 Patients With Bipolar Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Social-Distancing Measures in Italy

PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers facing the three coronavirus outbreaks: What can we expect after the COVID-19 pandemic

Feelings, Thoughts, and Behaviors During Disaster

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