Peritonitis

Fungal Peritonitis Among the Peritoneal Dialysis Patients of Four Turkish Centres

“…Fungi enter the peritoneal cavity through touch contamination of the dialysis tubing or by direct extension of the infection from the catheter exit site and very rarely via the vaginal route as an ascending infection (Fried & Piraino 2009; Indhumathi et al 2009). The route of fungal peritonitis in our cases could not be clearly isolated.…”

“…In the recent years, the frequency of bacterial peritonitis in CAPD patients has been reduced due to improvements in dialysis equipment, treatment and training strategies yet funga peritonitis is still a serious complication of CAPD, which may lead to death or technical failure of the catheter (Prasad et al 2005; Bender et al 2006; Fried & Piraino 2009). According to the data of National Statistics Institute 2009, in the total population of Istanbul above the age of 15, 44.72% graduated from Elementary School, 28.18% from High School 11.15% from University and 9.35% had no education at all.…”

Risk factors for peritoneal dialysis‐related peritonitis: Can we reduce the incidence and improve patient selection?

“…An episode of peritonitis was defined as the presence of cloudy PD fluid with 0e;100 white blood cells/mm 3 and >50% polymorphs. An episode may be due to a single organism, multiple organisms or culture negative 17–19 …”

Peritoneal Membrane Structural and Functional Changes during Peritoneal Dialysis

“…Severe and recurrent episodes of peritonitis are consistently associated with peritoneal damage (62,74); therefore, during training, considerable emphasis is placed on peritonitis prevention, including teaching hand washing technique and responses to contamination. Special attention should be paid to patients known to be at the highest risk of peritonitis, including the patients with diabetes, elderly patients, patients with neurological disorders, and patients with a high BMI (75,76). The recent finding that patients with a high intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) are at higher risk for developing enteric peritonitis, probably through a facilitated translocation of microorganisms from the gut, led us to recommend systematic IPP measurement at PD onset and to adequately cover those organisms with antibiotic therapy in cases of peritonitis (77).…”

“…Once infectious peritonitis occurs, empiric antibiotherapy covering gram‐positive cocci and gram‐negative rods and based on local epidemiology has to be initiated without delay (75). The determination of dialysate white cell count during peritonitis is of major importance; the recent study of Chow (78) showing that a white cell count >1000/ml at day 3 is a strong predictor of bad outcome should lead to the implementation of this measurement.…”